Randazzo Walter, Fabra María José, Falcó Irene, López-Rubio Amparo, Sánchez Gloria
Dept. of Microbiology and Ecology, Univ. of Valencia., Av. Dr. Moliner, 50., 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
Dept. of Preservation and Food Safety Technologies, IATA-CSIC, Avda. Agustin Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2018 May;17(3):754-768. doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.12349. Epub 2018 Apr 16.
Gastroenteritis and hepatitis, caused by human noroviruses (HuNoVs) and hepatitis A virus (HAV), respectively, are the most common illnesses resulting from the consumption of food contaminated with human enteric viruses. Food-grade polymers can be tailor designed to improve food safety, either as novel food-packaging materials imparting active antimicrobial properties, applied in food contact surfaces to avoid cross-contamination, or as edible coatings to increase fresh produce's shelf life. The incorporation of antimicrobial agents into food-grade polymers can be used to control the food microbiota and even target specific foodborne pathogens to improve microbiological food safety and to enhance food quality. Enteric viruses are responsible for one fifth of acute gastroenteritis cases worldwide and the development of food-grade polymers and biopolymers with antiviral activity for food applications is a topic of increased interest, both for academia and the food industry, even though developments are still limited. This review compiles existing studies in this widely unexplored area and highlights the potential of these developments to improve viral food safety.
人类诺如病毒（HuNoVs）和甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）分别引起的肠胃炎和肝炎，是食用受人类肠道病毒污染的食物导致的最常见疾病。食品级聚合物可以经过定制设计以提高食品安全，既可以作为具有活性抗菌特性的新型食品包装材料，应用于食品接触表面以避免交叉污染，也可以作为可食用涂层来延长新鲜农产品的保质期。将抗菌剂掺入食品级聚合物中可用于控制食品微生物群，甚至针对特定的食源性病原体，以提高食品微生物安全性并提升食品质量。肠道病毒导致全球五分之一的急性肠胃炎病例，开发具有抗病毒活性的食品级聚合物和生物聚合物用于食品应用，无论是对于学术界还是食品行业，都是一个越来越受关注的话题，尽管相关进展仍然有限。本综述汇编了这一广泛未被探索领域的现有研究，并强调了这些进展在改善病毒性食品安全方面的潜力。
