Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; email:
Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; email:
Annu Rev Food Sci Technol. 2021 Mar 25;12:461-484. doi: 10.1146/annurev-food-062220-090807. Epub 2020 Dec 22.
Polyphenols are generally known for their health benefits and estimating actual exposure levels in health-related studies can be improved by human biomonitoring. Here, the application of newly available exposomic and metabolomic technology, notably high-resolution mass spectrometry, in the context of polyphenols and their biotransformation products, is reviewed. Comprehensive workflows for investigating these important bioactives in biological fluids or microbiome-related experiments are scarce. Consequently, this new era of nontargeted analysis and omic-scale exposure assessment offers a unique chance for better assessing exposure to, as well as metabolism of, polyphenols. In clinical and nutritional trials, polyphenols can be investigated simultaneously with the plethora of other chemicals to which we are exposed, i.e., the exposome, which may interact abundantly and modulate bioactivity. This research direction aims at ultimately eluting into atrue systems biology/toxicology evaluation of health effects associated with polyphenol exposure, especially during early life, to unravel their potential for preventing chronic diseases.
多酚通常因其对健康的益处而闻名，通过人体生物监测可以提高与健康相关的研究中对实际暴露水平的估计。在此，综述了新出现的暴露组学和代谢组学技术（特别是高分辨率质谱）在多酚及其生物转化产物中的应用。目前针对生物体液或与微生物组相关的实验中研究这些重要生物活性物质的综合工作流程还很少见。因此，这种非靶向分析和组学规模暴露评估的新时代为更好地评估多酚的暴露和代谢提供了独特的机会。在临床和营养试验中，可以同时研究多酚和我们暴露于其中的大量其他化学物质，即暴露组，这些物质可能会大量相互作用并调节生物活性。这一研究方向旨在最终对与多酚暴露相关的健康影响进行真正的系统生物学/毒理学评估，尤其是在生命早期，以揭示它们预防慢性疾病的潜力。
