BioAnalytical Science, Nestle Research Center, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, PO Box 44, 1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland.
J Proteome Res. 2012 Oct 5;11(10):4781-90. doi: 10.1021/pr300581s. Epub 2012 Sep 6.
Health is influenced by genetic, lifestyle, and diet determinants; therefore, nutrition plays an essential role in health management. Still, the substantiation of nutritional health benefits is challenged by the intrinsic macro- and micronutrient complexity of foods and individual responses. Evidence of healthy effects of food requires new strategies not only to stratify populations according to their metabolic requirements but also to predict and measure individual responses to dietary intakes. The influence of the gut microbiome and its interaction with the host is pivotal to understand nutrition and metabolism. Thus, the modulation of the gut microbiome composition by alteration of food habits has potentialities in health improvement or even disease prevention. Dietary polyphenols are naturally occurring constituents in vegetables and fruits, including coffee and cocoa. They are commonly associated to health benefits, although mechanistic evidence in vivo is not yet fully understood. Polyphenols are extensively metabolized by gut bacteria into a complex series of end-products that support a significant effect on the functional ecology of symbiotic partners that can affect the host physiology. This review reports recent nutritional metabolomics inspections of gut microbiota-host metabolic interactions with a particular focus on the cometabolism of cocoa and coffee polyphenols.
健康受遗传、生活方式和饮食决定因素的影响；因此，营养在健康管理中起着至关重要的作用。然而，由于食物中固有宏量和微量营养素的复杂性以及个体反应的影响，营养健康益处的证据受到了挑战。证明食物具有健康效应需要新的策略，不仅要根据代谢需求对人群进行分层，还要预测和衡量个体对饮食摄入的反应。肠道微生物组及其与宿主的相互作用对理解营养和新陈代谢至关重要。因此，通过改变饮食习惯来调节肠道微生物组的组成具有改善健康甚至预防疾病的潜力。膳食多酚是蔬菜、水果（包括咖啡和可可）中的天然成分。它们通常与健康益处相关，但体内的机制证据尚未完全理解。多酚被肠道细菌广泛代谢为一系列复杂的终产物，这些产物对共生伙伴的功能生态学有显著影响，从而影响宿主的生理机能。这篇综述报告了肠道微生物组-宿主代谢相互作用的最新营养代谢组学研究，特别关注可可和咖啡多酚的共代谢。
