Groven Fabian M V, Zwakhalen Sandra M G, Odekerken-Schröder Gaby, Tan Frans, Hamers Jan P H
Department of Health Services Research, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Department of Marketing & Supply Chain Management, School of Business and Economics, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
J Clin Nurs. 2021 Aug;30(15-16):2234-2245. doi: 10.1111/jocn.15610. Epub 2021 May 6.
To compare the washing without water method with the water and soap method regarding comfort perceptions of the bed bath.
Bathing affects nurses' and care recipients' comfort. Bedridden care recipients can be bathed in bed with water and soap or with washing without water products. Little is known about the differences between these two bed bath methods regarding comfort perceptions among care recipients and nurses.
Crossover randomised laboratory-controlled trial, conducted from March 2018-November 2019, according to the CONSORT guidelines.
Nursing students were randomly allocated roles as a patient (who received both types of bed baths) or a nurse (who provided both types of bed baths). Also, the order in which the bed baths were received/provided was randomised. A total of 97 students were included in the analysis. Student patients filled out the Patient Evaluation of Emotional Comfort Experienced (PEECE) scale to measure emotional comfort and a single-item question on physical comfort after each bed bath. Student nurses filled out the Physical Demands scale after each bed bath to measure their physical comfort perceptions.
No differences were found between the two bed bathing methods regarding student patients' emotional or physical comfort levels. Among student nurses, the washing without water method was less physically demanding than the water and soap method.
Taking into account time-efficiency and physical comfort for nurses, washing without water seems to be a valuable alternative to water and soap from a care recipient comfort perspective, which should be assessed in a clinical setting in future research.
The washing without water method is less physically demanding for nurses and takes less time. It does not have a detrimental effect on care recipients' emotional and physical comfort. The trial is registered at www.trialregister.nl (ID = NL6787).
比较无水清洗法与水和肥皂清洗法在卧床擦浴舒适度方面的差异。
洗澡会影响护士和护理对象的舒适度。卧床的护理对象可以在床上用水和肥皂洗澡，也可以使用无水产品进行擦拭。对于护理对象和护士在这两种卧床擦浴方法的舒适度差异，人们了解甚少。
根据CONSORT指南，于2018年3月至2019年11月进行交叉随机实验室对照试验。
护理专业学生被随机分配角色，扮演患者（接受两种卧床擦浴）或护士（提供两种卧床擦浴）。此外，接受/提供卧床擦浴的顺序是随机的。共有97名学生纳入分析。学生患者在每次卧床擦浴后填写“情感舒适体验患者评估”（PEECE）量表以测量情感舒适度，并回答一个关于身体舒适度的单项问题。学生护士在每次卧床擦浴后填写“身体需求”量表以测量他们对身体舒适度的感受。
在学生患者的情感或身体舒适度方面，两种卧床擦浴方法之间未发现差异。在学生护士中，无水清洗法比水和肥皂清洗法对身体的要求更低。
从护理对象舒适度的角度考虑时间效率和护士的身体舒适度，无水清洗似乎是水和肥皂清洗的一种有价值的替代方法，未来研究应在临床环境中对此进行评估。
无水清洗法对护士身体要求较低，耗时较少。它对护理对象的情感和身体舒适度没有不利影响。该试验已在www.trialregister.nl上注册（ID = NL6787）。
