Shiota Aya, Nakayama Naomi, Saito Yuki, Maeda Tamako, Maeda Yukie, Nakayama Kentaro
Social Welfare Corporation Mitsuwa Fukushikai, Himeji 679-2115, Japan.
Faculty of Health and Nutrition, The University of Shimane, Izumo 693-8550, Japan.
Healthcare (Basel). 2020 Dec 18;8(4):576. doi: 10.3390/healthcare8040576.
Malnutrition and sarcopenia are prevalent and growing health issues in older populations. Early detection is important to implement proper interventions. However, little is known about malnutrition and sarcopenia in daycare facilities, the most dominant long-term care service. In this study, the prevalence of and factors associated with malnutrition and sarcopenia in older individuals who commute to community daycare facilities were evaluated. The cross-sectional study included 62 older individuals screened for malnutrition and sarcopenia on their first day in a daycare facility in Japan. Daily physical activity and basal diseases were also evaluated. According to Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria, 40.3% (25/62) of patients were malnourished and 59.7% (37/62) were well nourished. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 evaluation found that 12.9% (8/62) of patients showed no sarcopenia, whereas 87.1% (54/62) had sarcopenia. The prevalence of well-nourished sarcopenic individuals was the highest (45.2% (28/62)), followed by malnourished sarcopenia individuals (40.3% (25/62)). All malnourished individuals were sarcopenic and 14.5% (9/62) were well nourished and nonsarcopenic. Daily physical activity was significantly lower among sarcopenic individuals. Subgroups showed no significant difference in comorbidities. The prevalence of malnutrition and sarcopenia was relatively high. Activity-related sarcopenia seemed to precede malnutrition. Early detection of malnutrition and sarcopenia in daycare facilities should be encouraged for early intervention.
营养不良和肌肉减少症在老年人群体中普遍存在且日益严重。早期检测对于实施适当干预措施很重要。然而，对于日间护理机构（最主要的长期护理服务机构）中的营养不良和肌肉减少症，我们知之甚少。在本研究中，对往返于社区日间护理机构的老年人中营养不良和肌肉减少症的患病率及相关因素进行了评估。这项横断面研究纳入了62名在日本一家日间护理机构第一天接受营养不良和肌肉减少症筛查的老年人。还评估了他们的日常身体活动和基础疾病。根据全球营养不良领导倡议（GLIM）标准，40.3%（25/62）的患者营养不良，59.7%（37/62）营养状况良好。亚洲肌肉减少症工作组2019年的评估发现，12.9%（8/62）的患者未出现肌肉减少症，而87.1%（54/62）患有肌肉减少症。营养状况良好的肌肉减少症患者患病率最高（45.2%（28/62）），其次是营养不良的肌肉减少症患者（40.3%（25/62））。所有营养不良的个体都患有肌肉减少症，14.5%（9/62）营养状况良好且未患肌肉减少症。肌肉减少症患者的日常身体活动明显较低。亚组在合并症方面无显著差异。营养不良和肌肉减少症的患病率相对较高。与活动相关的肌肉减少症似乎先于营养不良出现。应鼓励在日间护理机构中早期检测营养不良和肌肉减少症以便进行早期干预。
