Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Medical School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Faculty of Technology and Sciences, Jequié, Bahia, Brazil.
Public Health Nutr. 2021 Oct;24(15):4878-4887. doi: 10.1017/S136898002000467X. Epub 2020 Dec 23.
To examine the association between urban food environment and regular consumption of fruits and vegetables (FV) by older adults from a medium-sized Brazilian city.
Cross-sectional study based on data related to (1) objective assessment of establishments with predominant sale of unprocessed/minimally processed foods, mixed establishments and establishments with predominant sale of ultra-processed foods; (2) regular consumption of FV (≥ 5 times/week), health and socio-demographic variables of community-dwelling older adults. Tertiles of proximity between food establishments and older adults' residence were calculated. Poisson generalised estimating equations with robust variance, adjusted for individual and contextual variables, were used to estimate the independent association between the proximity of establishments and regular consumption of FV.
Medium-sized Brazilian city.
Representative sample of community-dwelling older adults (n 549).
Older adults travelled the longest distances to establishments with predominant sale of unprocessed/minimally processed foods. The longer the distance to establishments with predominant sale of unprocessed/minimally processed foods, the lower the prevalence of regular consumption of FV (tertile 2: prevalence ratio (PR) = 0·86; 95 % CI = 0·74, 0·99; tertile 3: PR = 0·84; 95 % CI = 0·72, 0·97). Older adults living larger distance tertiles from establishments with predominant sale of ultra-processed foods, mixed establishments or all categories of establishments had 16 % (PR = 0·84; 95 % CI = 0·73, 0·96), 19 % (PR = 0·81; 95 % CI = 0·71, 0·93) and 19 % (PR = 0·81; 95 % CI = 0·70, 0·94) lower prevalence of regular consumption of FV, respectively.
The food environment is associated with regular consumption of FV among older adults. Longer distances from the residence of older adults to food establishments are independently associated with lower prevalence of regular consumption of FV.
研究巴西中等城市老年人的城市食品环境与经常食用水果和蔬菜（FV）之间的关联。
基于与（1）以未加工/最小加工食品为主的企业、混合企业和以超加工食品为主的企业的客观评估；（2）社区居住的老年人的 FV 定期食用（≥5 次/周）、健康和社会人口统计学变量相关的数据的横断面研究。计算了食品企业与老年人住所之间的接近程度的三分位数。使用泊松广义估计方程和稳健方差，调整个体和背景变量，以估计企业接近程度与 FV 定期食用之间的独立关联。
巴西中等城市。
社区居住的老年人的代表性样本（n=549）。
老年人到以未加工/最小加工食品为主的企业的路程最长。到以未加工/最小加工食品为主的企业的距离越远，FV 定期食用的比例越低（三分位 2：患病率比（PR）=0.86；95%CI=0.74,0.99；三分位 3：PR=0.84；95%CI=0.72,0.97）。距离以超加工食品为主的企业、混合企业或所有类别的企业销售点较远的老年人，FV 定期食用的比例分别低 16%（PR=0.84；95%CI=0.73,0.96）、19%（PR=0.81；95%CI=0.71,0.93）和 19%（PR=0.81；95%CI=0.70,0.94）。
食品环境与老年人经常食用 FV 有关。老年人住所与食品企业之间的距离越远，经常食用 FV 的比例越低。
