da Silva Anne Caroline Soares, Ansai Juliana Hotta, Cezar Natália Oiring de Castro, Carvalho Vale Francisco Assis, Dos Santos Julimara Gomes, de Andrade Larissa Pires
Physiotherapy Department, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
Gerontology Department, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
Dement Neuropsychol. 2020 Dec;14(4):394-402. doi: 10.1590/1980-57642020dn14-040010.
Clinical follow-up studies are necessary for a better understanding of the evolution of cognitive impairment as well as the development of better assessment and intervention tools.
To investigate whether older people with preserved cognition (PC), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) show differences in clinical outcomes and interventions after a 32-month period.
One hundred twenty-four community-dwelling older people were included and classified in one of three groups (PC, MCI and mild AD). Information on clinical outcomes (deaths, new diagnoses, falls, need for assistance or changes in routine and hospitalizations) and interventions (increased use of medication, physiotherapeutic intervention, practice of physical exercise, etc.) in the 32-month period were collected by telephone or during a home visit on a single day.
Ninety-five participants (35 with PC, 33 with MCI and 27 with AD) were reevaluated after 32 months. The need for assistance/changes in routine was significantly higher in the AD group, especially with regard to basic activities of daily living. Unlike the other groups, the PC group did not show "other diagnoses" (urinary incontinence, prolapse, change in vision or autoimmune disease). No significant differences were found regarding other variables.
Older people with and without cognitive impairment exhibited differences in some clinical outcomes after 32 months, such as need for assistance or changes in their routine and new diagnoses of specific diseases. Therefore, the multidimensionality of geriatric patients should be considered when planning assessments and interventions.
临床随访研究对于更好地理解认知障碍的演变以及开发更好的评估和干预工具是必要的。
调查认知功能正常（PC）、轻度认知障碍（MCI）和轻度阿尔茨海默病（AD）的老年人在32个月后临床结局和干预措施是否存在差异。
纳入124名社区居住的老年人，并将其分为三组（PC、MCI和轻度AD）之一。通过电话或在单次家庭访视中收集32个月期间的临床结局信息（死亡、新诊断、跌倒、需要协助或日常生活改变以及住院情况）和干预措施信息（药物使用增加、物理治疗干预、体育锻炼等）。
95名参与者（35名PC、33名MCI和27名AD）在32个月后接受了重新评估。AD组对协助/日常生活改变的需求显著更高，尤其是在基本日常生活活动方面。与其他组不同，PC组未出现“其他诊断”（尿失禁、脱垂、视力改变或自身免疫性疾病）。在其他变量方面未发现显著差异。
有认知障碍和无认知障碍的老年人在32个月后的一些临床结局存在差异，如对协助或日常生活改变的需求以及特定疾病的新诊断。因此，在规划评估和干预措施时应考虑老年患者的多维度性。
