Simonson Anna Peluso, Davis Kelliann Kathleen, Barone Gibbs Bethany, Venditti Elizabeth Mary, Jakicic John Michael
Department of Exercise Science and Sport Studies John Carroll University University Heights Ohio USA.
Department of Health and Human Development University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA.
Obes Sci Pract. 2020 Aug 27;6(6):668-676. doi: 10.1002/osp4.441. eCollection 2020 Dec.
Mindfulness and slow eating techniques are commonly recommended to achieve weight loss within behavioural weight management programmes; yet the role of these eating strategies on acute energy intake (EI) and satiety are not clear. This study investigated the effects of mindful and slow eating strategies on acute EI and satiety. Twenty-four participants were randomized to one of three eating conditions (EAT, MIND, SLOW). For the EAT condition, participants were instructed to eat as they normally would for both test meal sessions. For the SLOW condition, participants were instructed to eat as they normally would for their first test meal session and to slow their eating for the second test meal session. For the MIND condition, participants were instructed to eat as they normally would during their first test meal session and were given brief instructions on mindful eating for their second test meal session. For each condition, participants were provided ad libitum access to a test meal, and EI was calculated based upon food consumed. Participants rated their level of satiety following each meal. There were no significant differences in EI between eating strategy conditions. There was a trend towards a decrease in energy intake in the MIND condition compared with the EAT condition and a prevention of increased intake in the SLOW condition. There were no significant differences in ratings of satiety between conditions. Although, neither mindful nor slow eating strategies significantly decreased acute EI or satiety; the results suggest that both strategies blunted the increase in EI observed in EAT that occurred across two eating episodes, which may suggest that these strategies can be important for modifying eating behaviour that may contribute to body weight regulation. Additional appropriately designed studies investigating these strategies appear warranted to confirm these findings.
在行为体重管理计划中，正念饮食和慢食技巧通常被推荐用于实现体重减轻；然而，这些饮食策略对急性能量摄入（EI）和饱腹感的作用尚不清楚。本研究调查了正念饮食和慢食策略对急性EI和饱腹感的影响。24名参与者被随机分配到三种饮食条件之一（随意进食组、正念饮食组、慢食组）。对于随意进食组，参与者被指示在两次测试餐期间都按正常方式进食。对于慢食组，参与者被指示在第一次测试餐期间按正常方式进食，而在第二次测试餐期间放慢进食速度。对于正念饮食组，参与者被指示在第一次测试餐期间按正常方式进食，并在第二次测试餐期间接受关于正念饮食的简短指导。对于每种条件，都为参与者提供了随意享用测试餐的机会，并根据所消耗的食物计算EI。参与者在每餐之后对他们的饱腹感水平进行评分。不同饮食策略条件之间的EI没有显著差异。与随意进食组相比，正念饮食组的能量摄入有下降趋势，而慢食组则防止了能量摄入的增加。不同条件之间的饱腹感评分没有显著差异。虽然正念饮食和慢食策略都没有显著降低急性EI或饱腹感；但结果表明，这两种策略都减弱了在两次进食过程中随意进食组所观察到的EI增加，这可能表明这些策略对于改变可能有助于体重调节的饮食行为很重要。似乎有必要进行更多设计合理的研究来调查这些策略以证实这些发现。
