National Cancer Institute, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine.
Croatian Institute of Public Health, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
Exp Oncol. 2020 Dec;42(4):324-329. doi: 10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-42-no-4.15334.
The malignant melanoma (MM) incidence rates were increasing and later stabilizing in many regions of the world, while in South-Eastern Europe incidence rates are uniformly increasing and mortality rates are higher.
To describe burden of MM in Ukraine in terms of incidence, mortality and survival by sex, age and stage for the period 2002-2013 and compare with European countries.
Database of the National Cancer Registry of Ukraine was used to extract MM incidence cases; number of MM deaths was obtained from the official mortality statistics. Age-standardised and age-specific incidence and mortality rates were calculated by sex, age groups (15-39, 40-59 and 60+); estimated annual percent of change was used to describe trends. Proportions of new cases by stage of disease and calendar period (2002-2007 vs 2008-2013) were compared as well as net survival estimates.
In Ukraine, MM was more common in females (age-standardised 5.3 per 100,000 in 2013; annual percent of change 3.5%) than in males (5.1 per 100,000; 4.1%); around 50% of them diagnosed in the age group 60+. The observed increase in proportion of new cases with early stage (I-II) was due to stage II cases. The slight increase in mortality rates in males or stability in females were not accompanied with increase of survival. Net MM survival was consistently lower comparing to European countries.
More resources should be targeted to increase the capacity of healthcare in diagnostics and treatment of malignant melanoma, but also in promoting healthcare and education in Ukraine.
恶性黑色素瘤（MM）的发病率在世界许多地区呈上升后稳定趋势，而在东南欧，发病率呈持续上升趋势，死亡率更高。
描述 2002-2013 年期间乌克兰 MM 的发病、死亡和生存情况，并按性别、年龄和分期进行比较，以评估其疾病负担，同时与欧洲国家进行比较。
利用乌克兰国家癌症登记数据库提取 MM 发病病例；通过官方死亡率统计数据获得 MM 死亡人数。按性别、年龄组（15-39 岁、40-59 岁和 60 岁以上）计算年龄标准化和年龄特异性发病率和死亡率；使用年度百分比变化来描述趋势。比较疾病分期和日历期（2002-2007 年与 2008-2013 年）的新发病例比例以及净生存估计。
在乌克兰，女性 MM 更为常见（2013 年年龄标准化发病率为 5.3/100,000；年度百分比变化为 3.5%），男性发病率为 5.1/100,000；每年约有 50%的病例在 60 岁以上被诊断。早期（I-II 期）新发病例比例的增加归因于 II 期病例。男性死亡率的轻微增加或女性死亡率的稳定并未伴随生存状况的改善。与欧洲国家相比，乌克兰 MM 的净生存状况一直较差。
应将更多资源用于提高乌克兰医疗保健在恶性黑色素瘤诊断和治疗方面的能力，同时还应加强医疗保健和教育工作。
