Zhao Yu, Mei Hui, Chang Peng, Chen Chao, Cheng Laifei, Dassios Konstantinos G
Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an Shaanxi 710072, P.R. China.
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Patras 265 04, Greece.
ACS Nano. 2021 Jan 26;15(1):240-257. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08713. Epub 2020 Dec 28.
The rapid development of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology opens great opportunities for the design of various multiscale lubrication structures. 3D printing allows high customization of arbitrary complex structures and rapid prototyping of objects, which provides an avenue to achieve effective lubrication. Current experimental observations on superlubricity are limited to atomically smooth clean surfaces, extreme operating conditions, and nano- or microscales. With the in-depth exploration of 3D printed lubrication, construction of multifunctional 3D structures with refined dimensions spanning from micronanoscale to macroscale is increasingly regarded as an important means to approach superlubricity and has aroused great scientific interest. To document recent advances in 3D printing for structural lubrication, a detailed literature review is provided. Emphasis is given on the design and lubrication performance of geometric and bioinspired lubrication structures with characteristic dimensions. The material requirements, merits, drawbacks, and representative applications of various 3D printing techniques are summarized. Potential future research trends aiming at the design strategy and manufacturing process of 3D printed lubrication structures are also highlighted.
三维（3D）打印技术的快速发展为各种多尺度润滑结构的设计带来了巨大机遇。3D打印能够高度定制任意复杂结构并实现物体的快速原型制作，这为实现有效润滑提供了一条途径。目前关于超润滑性的实验观察仅限于原子级光滑的清洁表面、极端操作条件以及纳米或微米尺度。随着对3D打印润滑的深入探索，构建从微米纳米尺度到宏观尺度具有精细尺寸的多功能3D结构越来越被视为实现超润滑性的重要手段，并引起了极大的科学兴趣。为记录3D打印用于结构润滑的最新进展，本文提供了详细的文献综述。重点介绍了具有特征尺寸的几何和仿生润滑结构的设计及润滑性能。总结了各种3D打印技术的材料要求、优点、缺点及代表性应用。还强调了针对3D打印润滑结构的设计策略和制造工艺的潜在未来研究趋势。
