State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2021 Jan 19;55(2):1134-1144. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.0c05724. Epub 2020 Dec 24.
Black phosphorus (BP) has extensive applications in various fields. The release of BP into aquatic ecosystems and the potential toxic effects on aquatic organisms are becoming major concerns. Here, we investigated the developmental toxicity of few-layered BP toward the zebrafish. We found that BP could adsorb on the surface of the chorion and could subsequently penetrate within the embryo. After exposure of embryos to 10 mg/L BP, developmental malformations appeared at 96 hpf, especially heart deformities such as pericardial edema and bradycardia, accompanied by severe circulatory system failure. Using transgenic zebrafish larvae, we further characterized cardiovascular defects with cardiac enlargement and impaired cardiac vessels as indicators of damage to the cardiovascular system upon BP exposure. We performed transcriptomic analysis on zebrafish embryos treated with a lower concentration of 2 mg/L. The results showed disruption in genes associated with muscle development, oxygen involved processes, focal adhesion, and VEGF and MAPK signaling pathways. These alterations also indicated that BP carries a risk of developmental perturbation at lower concentrations. This study provides new insights into the effects of BP on aquatic organisms.
黑磷（BP）在各个领域都有广泛的应用。BP 释放到水生生态系统中以及对水生生物的潜在毒性作用正成为主要关注点。在这里，我们研究了少层 BP 对斑马鱼的发育毒性。我们发现 BP 可以吸附在卵壳表面，并随后穿透胚胎。胚胎暴露于 10mg/L BP 后，在 96 hpf 时出现发育畸形，特别是心包水肿和心动过缓等心脏畸形，同时伴有严重的循环系统衰竭。使用转基因斑马鱼幼虫，我们进一步将心脏增大和心脏血管受损作为心血管系统损伤的指标，对心血管缺陷进行了特征描述。我们对暴露于 BP 的 2mg/L 低浓度处理的斑马鱼胚胎进行了转录组分析。结果表明，与肌肉发育、涉及氧气的过程、黏附斑以及 VEGF 和 MAPK 信号通路相关的基因受到干扰。这些改变也表明，BP 在较低浓度下存在发育干扰的风险。本研究为 BP 对水生生物的影响提供了新的见解。
