School of Sports, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, United Kingdom.
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2021 Mar 1;320(3):C253-C263. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00461.2020. Epub 2020 Dec 23.
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women worldwide. In the United Kingdom, approximately 5% of all breast cancers are already metastatic at the time of diagnosis. An abundance of literature shows that exercise can have beneficial effects on the outcome and prognosis of breast cancer patients, yet the molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. There are several in vitro models that aim to recapitulate the response of breast cancer to exercise in vivo; this systematic review and meta-analysis summarizes the existing literature. The following search terms were used to conduct a systematic literature search using a collection of databases (last search performed May 2020): "in vitro," "exercise," and "breast cancer." Only studies that investigated the effects of exercise on breast cancer in vitro were included. Standardized mean differences (SMD) were calculated to determine pooled effect sizes. This meta-analysis has successfully demonstrated that various identified exercise interventions on breast cancer cells in vitro significantly reduced breast cancer cell viability, proliferation, and tumorigenic potential (SMD = -1.76, = 0.004, SMD = -2.85, = 0.003, and SMD = -3.15, = 0.0008, respectively). A clear direction of effect was found with exercise on breast cancer cell migration in vitro, however this effect was not significant (SMD = -0.62, = 0.317). To our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis and systematic review investigating and summarizing literature on exercise and breast cancer in vitro, highlighting models used and priority areas for future research focus.
乳腺癌是全球女性最常见的癌症。在英国，约有 5%的乳腺癌在诊断时已经发生转移。大量文献表明，运动对乳腺癌患者的结局和预后有有益影响，但分子机制仍知之甚少。有几种体外模型旨在重现乳腺癌对运动的反应；本系统评价和荟萃分析总结了现有文献。使用一组数据库（最后一次搜索于 2020 年 5 月进行），使用以下搜索词进行系统文献搜索：“体外”、“运动”和“乳腺癌”。仅纳入了研究体外运动对乳腺癌影响的研究。计算标准化均数差（SMD）以确定汇总效应大小。这项荟萃分析成功地表明，各种体外乳腺癌细胞的运动干预显著降低了乳腺癌细胞的活力、增殖和致瘤潜能（SMD=-1.76， =0.004，SMD=-2.85， =0.003 和 SMD=-3.15， =0.0008）。体外运动对乳腺癌细胞迁移有明显的影响方向，但这种影响并不显著（SMD=-0.62， =0.317）。据我们所知，这是第一项荟萃分析和系统评价，研究和总结了运动与体外乳腺癌的文献，突出了使用的模型和未来研究重点的优先领域。
