Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
School of Nursing, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol. 2022 Jan;66(1):28-49. doi: 10.1177/0306624X20983741. Epub 2020 Dec 24.
Bullying has become one of the most significant problem behaviors that school-aged adolescents face. The current study examines the strain-delinquency relationship by employing General Strain Theory as a guiding framework. "Strain" was operationalized as bullying victimization and family dysfunction, "delinquency" was operationalized as bullying perpetration, and "negative affect" was operationalized as anxiety and depression. Analyses were carried out based on a group of 2,139 Macanese schoolchildren. Using a structural equation modeling technique, the results revealed that exposure to family dysfunction and bullying victimization was associated with adolescents' negative affect, such as anxiety and depression. Contrary to our expectations, the indirect effect of victimization on bullying through negative affect was negative, though the mediation effect was relatively small and only significant in boys. In addition, gender analyses of invariance showed that male adolescents who experienced more family conflict and parental control were less likely to engage in bullying. This study could lead to further anti-bullying interventions and practical efforts designed to improve positive parenting and adolescents' interpersonal skills.
欺凌已成为学龄期青少年面临的最严重问题行为之一。本研究以一般应激理论为指导框架，考察了应激与犯罪的关系。“应激”被操作化为受欺凌和家庭功能障碍，“犯罪”被操作化为欺凌行为，“消极情绪”被操作化为焦虑和抑郁。分析基于一组 2139 名澳门学童。研究采用结构方程模型技术，结果表明，家庭功能障碍和受欺凌与青少年的消极情绪（如焦虑和抑郁）有关。与我们的预期相反，通过消极情绪对欺凌的间接影响是负向的，尽管这种中介效应相对较小，仅在男孩中显著。此外，对不变性的性别分析表明，经历更多家庭冲突和父母控制的男青少年不太可能参与欺凌行为。本研究可以进一步推动反欺凌干预和实践努力，旨在改善积极的育儿和青少年的人际交往技能。
