Department of Sport Science and Sport, Division of Exercise and Health, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
Neurologische Klinik, Sana-Krankenhaus Rummelsberg/Nuremberg, Germany.
Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2021 Feb;178:107366. doi: 10.1016/j.nlm.2020.107366. Epub 2020 Dec 22.
Acute cardiovascular exercise has shown to promote neuroplastic processes supporting the consolidation of newly acquired motor skills in healthy adults. First results suggest that this concept may be transferred to populations with motor and cognitive dysfunctions. In this context, Parkinson's disease (PD) is highly relevant since patients demonstrate deficits in motor learning. Hence, in the present study we sought to explore the effect of a single post-practice exercise bout on motor memory consolidation in PD. For this purpose, 17 patients with PD (Hoehn and Yahr: 1 - 2.5, age: 60.1 ± 7.9 y) practiced a whole-body skill followed by either (i) a moderate-intense bout of cycling, or (ii) seated rest for a total of 30 min. The motor skill required the participants to balance on a tiltable platform (stabilometer) for 30 s. During skill practice, participants performed 15 trials followed by a retention test 1 day and 7 days later. We calculated time in balance (platform within ± 5° from horizontal) for each trial and within- and between-group differences in memory consolidation (i.e. offline learning = skill change from last acquisition block to retention tests) were analyzed. Groups revealed similar improvements during skill practice (F = 0.316, p = 0.866), but showed differences in offline learning, which were only evident after 7 days (F = 5.602, p = 0.033). Our results suggest that a single post-practice exercise bout is effective in enhancing long-term motor memory consolidation in a population with motor learning impairments. This may point at unique promoting effects of exercise on dopamine neurotransmission involved in memory formation. Future studies should investigate the potential role of exercise-induced effects on the dopaminergic system.
急性心血管运动已被证明可促进支持健康成年人新习得运动技能巩固的神经可塑性过程。初步结果表明，这一概念可能适用于运动和认知功能障碍的人群。在这方面，帕金森病（PD）非常相关，因为患者表现出运动学习的缺陷。因此，在本研究中，我们旨在探讨单次练习后运动对 PD 患者运动记忆巩固的影响。为此，我们招募了 17 名 PD 患者（Hoehn 和 Yahr：1-2.5，年龄：60.1 ± 7.9 岁），练习全身技能，然后进行以下两种干预之一：（i）中等强度的自行车运动，或（ii）坐式休息，总时长 30 分钟。运动技能要求参与者在可倾斜平台（平衡仪）上保持平衡 30 秒。在技能练习过程中，参与者进行了 15 次试验，然后在 1 天和 7 天后进行保留测试。我们计算了每次试验的平衡时间（平台在水平方向内 ± 5°内），并分析了记忆巩固的组内和组间差异（即离线学习=从最后一次获得块到保留测试的技能变化）。结果发现，两个组在技能练习过程中都有类似的改善（F=0.316，p=0.866），但在离线学习中存在差异，这种差异仅在 7 天后才显现（F=5.602，p=0.033）。我们的结果表明，单次练习后运动对改善运动学习障碍人群的长期运动记忆巩固具有有效性。这可能表明运动对参与记忆形成的多巴胺神经传递具有独特的促进作用。未来的研究应探讨运动诱导效应对多巴胺能系统的潜在作用。
