Department of Experimental Physics, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany.
Department of Experimental Physics, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany; Cysmic GmbH, Munich, Germany.
Biophys J. 2021 Feb 2;120(3):432-439. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.12.012. Epub 2021 Jan 12.
The microvascular networks in the body of vertebrates consist of the smallest vessels such as arterioles, capillaries, and venules. The flow of red blood cells (RBCs) through these networks ensures the gas exchange in as well as the transport of nutrients to the tissues. Any alterations in this blood flow may have severe implications on the health state. Because the vessels in these networks obey dimensions similar to the diameter of RBCs, dynamic effects on the cellular scale play a key role. The steady progression in the numerical modeling of RBCs, even in complex networks, has led to novel findings in the field of hemodynamics, especially concerning the impact and the dynamics of lingering events when a cell meets a branch of the network. However, these results are yet to be matched by a detailed analysis of the lingering experiments in vivo. To quantify this lingering effect in in vivo experiments, this study analyzes branching vessels in the microvasculature of Syrian golden hamsters via intravital microscopy and the use of an implanted dorsal skinfold chamber. It also presents a detailed analysis of these lingering effects of cells at the apex of bifurcating vessels, affecting the temporal distribution of plasmatic zones of blood flow in the branches and even causing a partial blockage in severe cases.
脊椎动物体内的微血管网络由最小的血管组成，如小动脉、毛细血管和小静脉。红细胞 (RBC) 通过这些网络的流动确保了气体交换以及营养物质向组织的运输。这种血流的任何改变都可能对健康状况产生严重影响。由于这些网络中的血管遵循与 RBC 直径相似的尺寸，因此细胞尺度上的动态效应起着关键作用。即使在复杂的网络中，RBC 的数值建模也取得了稳步进展，这在血液动力学领域取得了新的发现，特别是在细胞遇到网络分支时的影响和残留事件的动力学方面。然而，这些结果尚未通过对活体中残留实验的详细分析来匹配。为了在活体实验中量化这种残留效应，本研究通过活体显微镜和植入式背部皮肤褶皱室分析了叙利亚金黄仓鼠微血管中的分支血管。它还详细分析了分叉血管顶点处细胞的这种残留效应，影响了分支中血流等离子区的时间分布，在严重情况下甚至导致部分阻塞。
