CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi, India and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi, India and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Cancer Lett. 2021 Mar 31;501:162-171. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.11.048. Epub 2020 Dec 25.
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) comprise a class of RNAs that do not code for proteins but are critical in regulating diverse cellular processes and maintaining cell function. In doing so, they have, in recent years, added a potentially new and significant layer of biological regulation. These are more than 200 nucleotides in length and are implicated in a range of diseases and therefore have emerged as potential tools for possible therapeutic intervention. For a disease as complex as cancer, emerging technologies suggest the presence of mutations on genomic loci that do not encode proteins, but give rise to lncRNAs. Aberrant signatures of lncRNAs are now a consistent feature of almost all types of cancers and their associated complications. Analysis and characterisation of functional pathways that lncRNAs are involved with suggest that lncRNAs interact with the chromatin, the protein or with the RNA to demonstrate their cellular effects to modulate proliferation, migration, differentiation, apoptosis and cell death. This review summarizes the current knowledge of lncRNAs, their implications in diverse types of cancer and their possible therapeutic utility.
长链非编码 RNA（lncRNA）是一类不编码蛋白质但在调节多种细胞过程和维持细胞功能中起关键作用的 RNA。近年来，它们增加了一个潜在的新的和重要的生物学调控层。这些 RNA 的长度超过 200 个核苷酸，与多种疾病有关，因此已成为可能的治疗干预的潜在工具。对于癌症这样复杂的疾病，新兴技术表明基因组位置上存在不编码蛋白质但产生 lncRNA 的突变。lncRNA 的异常特征现在几乎是所有类型癌症及其相关并发症的一个一致特征。lncRNA 参与的功能途径的分析和特征表明，lncRNA 与染色质、蛋白质或 RNA 相互作用，以展示其对细胞增殖、迁移、分化、凋亡和细胞死亡的调节作用。本综述总结了 lncRNA 的最新知识，及其在多种癌症中的意义及其可能的治疗用途。
