Homeland Security Materials Management Division, USEPA Office of Research & Development, Durham, NC, USA.
Sustainable Streams LLC, Louisville, KY, USA.
J Environ Manage. 2021 Feb 15;280:111838. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111838. Epub 2020 Dec 23.
This paper presents a Stormwater Emergency Response Framework (SERF) for use in the containment and treatment of stormwater runoff following a hazardous material release. The framework consists of four high level process steps and a decision tree. These resources are intended to assist stormwater managers in fulfilling their emergency response responsibilities within the United States' National Incident Management System. Robust hydraulic and watershed modeling may take weeks to months to develop for a contaminated site, whereas decisions made in the initial hours can have a significant impact on limiting contamination spread. Many web resources are publicly available to assist responders in visualizing stormwater runoff flow paths. A case study provided in this paper also demonstrates how simple calculations may be utilized to estimate peak flows and storage volumes necessary to respond to precipitation events immediately. These calculations are useful for decision makers' allocation of containment and treatment resources within the impacted area. This includes where to deploy available resources to minimize contamination risks to downstream communities and where supplemental resources from outside partners are urgently needed.
本文提出了一个雨水紧急响应框架（SERF），用于在危险物质泄漏后控制和处理雨水径流。该框架由四个高级流程步骤和一个决策树组成。这些资源旨在帮助雨水管理者在美国国家事故管理系统内履行其应急响应职责。对于受污染的场地，强大的水力和流域模型可能需要数周甚至数月的时间来开发，而在最初几个小时做出的决策可能会对限制污染扩散产生重大影响。许多网络资源可公开获取，以帮助响应人员可视化雨水径流的流动路径。本文提供的案例研究还演示了如何利用简单的计算来估算应对降水事件所需的峰值流量和存储量。这些计算对于决策者在受影响区域内分配遏制和处理资源非常有用。这包括在哪里部署可用资源以最大程度地降低下游社区的污染风险，以及在哪里急需外部合作伙伴的补充资源。
