Institute for History, Theory and Ethics of Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
Institute for History, Theory and Ethics of Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
Pathol Res Pract. 2021 Feb;218:153315. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153315. Epub 2020 Dec 14.
This study examines the biographies of pathologists persecuted by the National Socialists after their emigration from the German Reich to the USA. The work is based on primary sources from various archives and a systematic evaluation of secondary literature on the persons concerned. The study yields five central results: (1) Out of 118 identified persecuted pathologists, a total of 91 persons left the German Reich, 60 of them demonstrably to the USA. (2) The majority of the pathologists immigrated to the USA between 1938 and 1941. (3) A good two thirds of the pathologists were (again) employed in the USA as university teachers, the majority in the leading position of Full Professor. (4) The preferred area of employment was the East Coast of the USA. (5) The labor market situation was particularly favorable for specialized pathologists. It can be concluded that the majority of the emigrated pathologists studied succeeded in continuing or even expanding their professional careers in the USA, with existing academic networks playing a noticeable role. Pathology thus occupies a special position in the context of the migration history of persecuted physicians under National Socialism.
本研究考察了纳粹德国时期流亡到美国的病理学家的传记。这项工作基于来自不同档案馆的原始资料和对相关人员的二手文献的系统评估。研究得出了五个主要结果：（1）在确定的 118 名受迫害的病理学家中，共有 91 人离开德国，其中 60 人明显前往美国。（2）大多数病理学家在 1938 年至 1941 年期间移民到美国。（3）三分之二以上的病理学家（再次）受雇于美国，其中大多数担任正教授。（4）就业的首选地区是美国东海岸。（5）劳动力市场对专业病理学家特别有利。可以得出结论，研究中大多数移民的病理学家在美国成功地延续甚至扩大了他们的职业生涯，现有的学术网络发挥了显著的作用。因此，病理学在纳粹时期受迫害医生的移民史中占有特殊地位。
