Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark.
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
PLoS One. 2020 Dec 23;15(12):e0243737. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243737. eCollection 2020.
The glycocalyx is an extracellular layer lining the lumen of the vascular endothelium, protecting the endothelium from shear stress and atherosclerosis and contributes to coagulation, immune response and microvascular perfusion. The GlycoCheck system estimates glycocalyx' thickness in vessels under the tongue from perfused boundary region (PBR) and microvascular perfusion (red blood cell (RBC) filling) via a camera and dedicated software.
Evaluating reproducibility and influence of examination conditions on measurements with the GlycoCheck system.
Open, randomised, controlled study including 42 healthy smokers investigating day-to-day, side-of-tongue, inter-investigator variance, intraclass-correlation (ICC) and influence of examination conditions at intervals from 0-180 minutes on PBR and RBC filling.
Mean (SD) age was 24.9 (6.1) years, 52% were male. There was no significant intra- or inter-investigator variation for PBR or RBC filling nor for PBR for side-of-tongue. A small day-to-day variance was found for PBR (0.012μm, p = 0.007) and RBC filling (0.003%, p = 0.005) and side-of-tongue, RBC filling (0.025%, p = 0.009). ICC was modest but highly improved by increasing measurements. Small significant influence of cigarette smoking (from 40-180 minutes), high calorie meal intake and coffee consumption was found. The latter two peaking immediately and tapering off but remained significant up to 180 minutes, highest PBR changes for the three being 0.042μm (p<0.05), 0.183μm (p<0.001) and 0.160μm (p<0.05) respectively.
Measurements with the GlycoCheck system have a moderate reproducibility, but highly increases with multiple measurements and a small day-to-day variability. Smoking, meal and coffee intake had effects up to 180 minutes, abstinence is recommended at least 180 minutes before GlycoCheck measurements. Future studies should standardise conditions during measurements.
糖萼是血管内皮腔衬里的细胞外层，保护内皮免受切应力和动脉粥样硬化的影响，并有助于凝血、免疫反应和微血管灌注。GlycoCheck 系统通过摄像头和专用软件从灌注边界区域 (PBR) 和微血管灌注 (红细胞 (RBC) 填充) 估计舌下血管的糖萼厚度。
评估 GlycoCheck 系统测量的可重复性和检查条件的影响。
一项开放、随机、对照研究，纳入 42 名健康吸烟者，研究包括每天、舌侧、研究者间差异、组内相关系数 (ICC) 以及 0-180 分钟时 PBR 和 RBC 填充的检查条件对 PBR 和 RBC 填充的影响。
平均 (标准差) 年龄为 24.9 (6.1) 岁，52%为男性。PBR 和 RBC 填充以及舌侧 PBR 均无显著的研究者内或研究者间差异。PBR 有较小的每日差异 (0.012μm，p = 0.007) 和 RBC 填充 (0.003%，p = 0.005) 和舌侧，RBC 填充 (0.025%，p = 0.009)。ICC 虽然适度，但通过增加测量值得到了显著提高。发现吸烟 (40-180 分钟)、高热量餐摄入和咖啡摄入有小的显著影响。后两者立即达到峰值并逐渐减少，但直到 180 分钟仍有显著影响，三种情况下 PBR 变化最大分别为 0.042μm (p<0.05)、0.183μm (p<0.001)和 0.160μm (p<0.05)。
GlycoCheck 系统的测量具有中等的可重复性，但通过多次测量和较小的日常变化可以显著提高。吸烟、进餐和喝咖啡的影响可持续至 180 分钟，建议至少在 GlycoCheck 测量前 180 分钟停止吸烟、进餐和喝咖啡。未来的研究应在测量过程中标准化条件。
