Muehler Andreas, Slizgi Jason R, Kohlhof Hella, Groeppel Manfred, Peelen Evelyn, Vitt Daniel
Immunic, AG, Gräfelfing 82166, Germany.
World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol. 2020 Dec 12;11(6):114-130. doi: 10.4291/wjgp.v11.i6.114.
The intestinal barrier is a complex and well-controlled physiological construct designed to separate luminal contents from the bowel wall. In this review, we focus on the intestinal barrier's relationship with the host's immune system interaction and the external environment, specifically the microbiome. The bowel allows the host to obtain nutrients vital to survival while protecting itself from harmful pathogens, luminal antigens, or other pro-inflammatory factors. Control over barrier function and the luminal milieu is maintained at the biochemical, cellular, and immunological level. However, disruption to this highly regulated environment can cause disease. Recent advances to the field have progressed the mechanistic understanding of compromised intestinal barrier function in the context of gastrointestinal pathology. There are numerous examples where bowel barrier dysfunction and the resulting interaction between the microbiome and the immune system has disease-triggering consequences. The purpose of this review is to summarize the clinical relevance of intestinal barrier dysfunction in common gastrointestinal and related diseases. This may help highlight the importance of restoring barrier function as a therapeutic mechanism of action in gastrointestinal pathology.
肠道屏障是一种复杂且受严格调控的生理结构，旨在将肠腔内容物与肠壁分隔开来。在本综述中，我们重点关注肠道屏障与宿主免疫系统相互作用以及外部环境（特别是微生物群）之间的关系。肠道使宿主能够获取对生存至关重要的营养物质，同时保护自身免受有害病原体、肠腔抗原或其他促炎因子的侵害。在生化、细胞和免疫水平上维持对屏障功能和肠腔环境的控制。然而，这种高度调节的环境受到破坏会导致疾病。该领域的最新进展加深了对胃肠道病理学背景下肠道屏障功能受损机制的理解。有许多例子表明，肠道屏障功能障碍以及由此导致的微生物群与免疫系统之间的相互作用会引发疾病。本综述的目的是总结肠道屏障功能障碍在常见胃肠道及相关疾病中的临床相关性。这可能有助于凸显恢复屏障功能作为胃肠道病理学治疗作用机制的重要性。
