Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Public Health, School of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
Front Public Health. 2020 Dec 10;8:585302. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.585302. eCollection 2020.
Emerged in December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is one of the largest pandemics ever. During the early phase, little was known about public knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) relating to coronavirus disease. This study was designed to determine KAP of Iranians toward COVID-19. A cross-sectional online survey was carried out in Iran from February 25 to April 25 using a self-administered questionnaire on 1,480 people. COVID-19-related KAP questions were adapted from other internationally validated questionnaires specific for infectious diseases. All participants were aware of COVID-19. When asked unprompted, 80% of respondents could correctly cite fever, difficulty in breathing, and cough as signs/symptoms of COVID-19. Most of our sample population knew that staying at home and isolated (95.3%) as well as constant handwashing and using disinfectants (92.5%) could prevent COVID-19. However, there were also widespread misconceptions such as the belief that COVID-19 can be transmitted by wild animals (58%) and by air (48.3%). Unprompted, self-reported actions taken to avoid COVID-19 infection included handwashing with soap and water (95.4%), avoiding crowded places (93%), cleansing hands with other disinfectants (80.), and covering mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing (76.1%). The Internet and social media (94.5%) were the main coronavirus information sources. However, the most trusted information sources on coronavirus were health and medical professionals (79.3%). The majority of participants (77.0%) wanted more information about coronavirus to be available. Our findings suggest that people's knowledge and attitude toward COVID-19 at the time of its outbreak was at a high level.
2019 年 12 月出现的 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）是有史以来最大的大流行之一。在早期阶段，人们对与冠状病毒病相关的公众知识、态度和实践（KAP）知之甚少。本研究旨在确定伊朗人对 COVID-19 的 KAP。 2020 年 2 月 25 日至 4 月 25 日，伊朗通过在线自我管理问卷对 1480 人进行了横断面调查。COVID-19 相关 KAP 问题改编自其他针对传染病的国际上经过验证的问卷。 所有参与者都知道 COVID-19。当被问到没有提示时，80%的受访者可以正确指出发烧、呼吸困难和咳嗽是 COVID-19 的症状/体征。我们的大部分样本人群都知道，呆在家里隔离（95.3%）以及经常洗手和使用消毒剂（92.5%）可以预防 COVID-19。但是，也存在广泛的误解，例如认为 COVID-19 可以通过野生动物（58%）和空气（48.3%）传播。在没有提示的情况下，为避免 COVID-19 感染而采取的自我报告措施包括用肥皂和水洗手（95.4%）、避免人多的地方（93%）、用其他消毒剂清洁手部（80%）以及咳嗽或打喷嚏时捂住口鼻（76.1%）。互联网和社交媒体（94.5%）是冠状病毒主要信息来源。但是，对冠状病毒最信任的信息来源是卫生和医疗专业人员（79.3%）。大多数参与者（77.0%）希望有更多关于冠状病毒的信息可供使用。 我们的研究结果表明，在 COVID-19 爆发时，人们对 COVID-19 的知识和态度处于较高水平。
