Evaluating the antibiotic resistance and frequency of adhesion markers among isolated from type 2 diabetes patients with urinary tract infection and its association with common polymorphism of mannose-binding lectin gene.

The present paper aims to determine the frequency and antibiotic resistance patterns of pathogenic bacteria, the virulence factor profile of and mannose-binding lectin (MBL) gene polymorphism in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) and urinary tract infection (UTI). The population under study was 130 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and UTI. The patients' clinical characteristics and urine and blood samples (5 mL) were collected. Antibiotic resistance was determined using a disc diffusion method, and the results were interpreted according to CLSI. The presence of virulence genes was detected by multiplex PCR. To detect the MBL gene polymorphism, PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism methods were applied. The predominant Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria included and spp.viridans group, respectively. Women were more susceptible to the incidence of UTI than men. The isolates showed a high level of resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (87.35%), and nitrofurantoin and ceftizoxime were the most effective antimicrobial agents for . Cefotaxime and ceftizoxime were the most effective antimicrobial agents for spp., norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin were the most effective antimicrobial agents for and (52.87%) and (1.14%) had the highest and lowest frequency among examined genes in isolates, respectively. The GG genotype had the highest frequency among patients with T2DM and UTI. Results showed that the detection of in individuals with an AA genotype, codon 54 of the MBL gene, can play an important role in the molecular diagnosis and timely treatment of bacterial infections in individuals with diabetes.