Department of Radiation Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Institute of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Front Immunol. 2020 Dec 3;11:583084. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.583084. eCollection 2020.
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) represent one of the main tumor-infiltrating immune cell types and are generally categorized into either of two functionally contrasting subtypes, namely classical activated M1 macrophages and alternatively activated M2 macrophages. The former typically exerts anti-tumor functions, including directly mediate cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) to kill tumor cells; the latter can promote the occurrence and metastasis of tumor cells, inhibit T cell-mediated anti-tumor immune response, promote tumor angiogenesis, and lead to tumor progression. Both M1 and M2 macrophages have high degree of plasticity and thus can be converted into each other upon tumor microenvironment changes or therapeutic interventions. As the relationship between TAMs and malignant tumors becoming clearer, TAMs have become a promising target for developing new cancer treatment. In this review, we summarize the origin and types of TAMs, TAMs interaction with tumors and tumor microenvironment, and up-to-date treatment strategies targeting TAMs.
肿瘤相关巨噬细胞（TAMs）是肿瘤浸润免疫细胞的主要类型之一，通常分为两种功能相反的亚型，即经典激活的 M1 巨噬细胞和选择性激活的 M2 巨噬细胞。前者通常发挥抗肿瘤功能，包括直接介导细胞毒性和抗体依赖的细胞介导的细胞毒性（ADCC）来杀死肿瘤细胞；后者可促进肿瘤细胞的发生和转移，抑制 T 细胞介导的抗肿瘤免疫反应，促进肿瘤血管生成，并导致肿瘤进展。M1 和 M2 巨噬细胞具有高度的可塑性，因此在肿瘤微环境变化或治疗干预下可以相互转化。随着 TAMs 与恶性肿瘤之间关系的日益清晰，TAMs 已成为开发新的癌症治疗方法的有前途的靶点。在本文中，我们总结了 TAMs 的起源和类型、TAMs 与肿瘤和肿瘤微环境的相互作用，以及针对 TAMs 的最新治疗策略。
