Rees C R, Merchun G, Becker G J, Klatte E C, Mail J T, Mulry C
Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio 78284.
Radiology. 1988 Jan;166(1 Pt 1):53-6. doi: 10.1148/radiology.166.1.3336701.
The versatility of angiography has been expanded by the introduction of low-osmolality contrast agents; high-pressure, high-flow catheters with small outer diameters; and the use of contrast agents with low iodine concentrations. These changes have resulted in the need for a review of the physical factors that influence the flow of contrast agents through flush catheters. Various contrast agents were injected through several types of high-pressure, high-flow catheters with small outer diameters, and the flow rates were measured. Great differences in the viscosities of contrast agents resulted in proportionately smaller differences in maximum flow rates, and warming the contrast agent from room to body temperature had little effect on the maximum flow rate, except for the most viscous contrast agents. The maximum flow rates of the new low-osmolality contrast agents did not differ significantly from those of conventional ionic contrast agents of similar iodine concentration. With unheated contrast agents, iodine delivery was more rapid for contrast agents with iodine concentrations of 280-300 mg/mL.
低渗造影剂的引入、小外径的高压高流量导管以及低碘浓度造影剂的使用，扩大了血管造影的应用范围。这些变化使得有必要重新审视影响造影剂通过冲洗导管流动的物理因素。通过几种小外径的高压高流量导管注射了各种造影剂，并测量了流速。造影剂粘度的巨大差异导致最大流速的差异相应较小，将造影剂从室温加热到体温对最大流速影响不大，除了粘度最大的造影剂。新型低渗造影剂的最大流速与碘浓度相似的传统离子型造影剂相比没有显著差异。对于未加热的造影剂，碘浓度为280 - 300mg/mL的造影剂碘输送更快。
