Goldsztejn Magdalena, Grenda Tomasz, Kozieł Nina, Sapała Magdalena, Mazur Małgorzata, Sieradzki Zbigniew, Król Beata, Kwiatek Krzysztof
Department of Hygiene of Animal Feeding Stuffs National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Puławy, Poland.
J Vet Res. 2020 Nov 6;64(4):549-555. doi: 10.2478/jvetres-2020-0075. eCollection 2020 Dec.
Silage quality deteriorates with spp. contamination, and if consumed, such silage jeopardises herd health and productivity. Minimising its occurrence reduces economic and animal welfare risks. The study investigated the influence of environmental and technological determinants on the genus' occurrence in silage.
Analyses were conducted on 305 silage samples directly collected from farms located in all Polish provinces. Cultures and isolates were evaluated phenotypically and examined for occurrence of spp., particularly and using PCR techniques. The results were statistically analysed using the ᵡ test for continuous and Student's -test for non-continuous values.
The most influential effect on spp. occurrence is exerted by factors potentially associated with primary production, like the type of fertilisation and the contamination level of the ensiled feed material. spp. was detected in 232 (76%) samples, and strains, predominantly toxinotype A, in 79 (26%). occurrence was not detected.
Deterioration of silage by clostridia could be prevented by a properly conducted ensiling process with the addition of starter cultures, but the presence of spores mainly depends on primary production and the extent of contamination of the feed material.
青贮饲料的质量会因梭菌属污染而下降,若牲畜食用了此类青贮饲料,会危及畜群健康和生产性能。尽量减少梭菌属的出现可降低经济风险和动物福利风险。本研究调查了环境和技术因素对青贮饲料中梭菌属出现情况的影响。
对直接从波兰所有省份的农场采集的305份青贮饲料样本进行了分析。对培养物和分离株进行表型评估,并使用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术检测梭菌属的出现情况,特别是产气荚膜梭菌和艰难梭菌。使用卡方检验(用于连续值)和学生t检验(用于非连续值)对结果进行统计分析。
对梭菌属出现情况影响最大的是与初级生产潜在相关的因素,如施肥类型和青贮饲料原料的污染水平。在232份(76%)样本中检测到梭菌属,在79份(26%)样本中检测到菌株,主要是A型毒素型。未检测到艰难梭菌的出现。
通过添加发酵剂进行适当的青贮过程可防止梭菌属导致的青贮饲料变质,但孢子的存在主要取决于初级生产和饲料原料的污染程度。