Chohan Amandeep S, Pascoe Peter J
Am J Vet Res. 2021 Jan;82(1):22-27. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.82.1.22.
To compare efficacy and duration of desensitization of oral structures with a lidocaine-bupivacaine mixture administered via a lateral percutaneous or modified infraorbital approach.
6 healthy adult hound-type female dogs.
In this crossover study, dogs were randomized for side (left or right) and maxillary nerve approach (lateral percutaneous or infraorbital), with a 2-week washout period. Dogs were anesthetized, and a 2-mL mixture of 2% lidocaine and 0.5% bupivacaine (50:50 [vol/vol]) was administered with a 22-gauge, 4.5-cm-long catheter inserted through the infraorbital canal (infraorbital approach) or with a shielded stimulating needle to the maxillary nerve (percutaneous approach). Reflex-evoked motor potentials were measured for the maxillary canine tooth, fourth premolar tooth, second molar tooth, and hard palate mucosa ipsilateral to the injected mixture and for the contralateral maxillary canine tooth (control) at three 10-minute intervals before injection (baseline) and at predetermined times after injection for up to 6.7 hours. For each oral structure, the proportion of dogs with desensitization (efficacy) and time to onset and duration of desensitization were compared between approaches.
The proportion of dogs with successful nerve blockade did not significantly differ between infraorbital and percutaneous approaches and among the 4 oral structures. Time to onset of desensitization did not differ between approaches, but duration was significantly longer with the infraorbital approach.
A modified infraorbital approach with the lidocaine-bupivacaine mixture had similar effects to a lateral percutaneous approach but provided a longer duration of desensitization. Neither approach was universally successful at desensitizing all oral structures.
比较通过外侧经皮或改良眶下途径给予利多卡因-布比卡因混合液对口腔结构进行脱敏的效果和持续时间。
6只健康成年雌性猎犬。
在这项交叉研究中，将犬随机分为左右侧以及上颌神经注射途径（外侧经皮或眶下途径），洗脱期为2周。对犬实施麻醉，通过22号、4.5厘米长的导管经眶下管插入（眶下途径）或使用屏蔽刺激针穿刺至上颌神经（经皮途径），给予2%利多卡因和0.5%布比卡因的混合液（50:50[体积/体积]）2毫升。在注射前三个10分钟间隔（基线）以及注射后预定时间直至6.7小时，测量注射混合液同侧的上颌尖牙、第四前磨牙、第二磨牙和硬腭黏膜以及对侧上颌尖牙（对照）的反射诱发运动电位。对于每个口腔结构，比较两种途径之间脱敏犬的比例（效果）以及脱敏起效时间和持续时间。
眶下途径和经皮途径之间以及4个口腔结构之间，神经阻滞成功的犬的比例没有显著差异。两种途径的脱敏起效时间没有差异，但眶下途径的持续时间显著更长。
利多卡因-布比卡因混合液的改良眶下途径与外侧经皮途径效果相似，但脱敏持续时间更长。两种途径均不能使所有口腔结构普遍成功脱敏。
