School of Politics and Public Administration, Southwest University of Political Science and Law, Chongqing.
Faculty of Social Sciences.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Dec 18;99(51):e23552. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000023552.
Maintaining a physically active life is an important determinant of overall health and psychosocial wellbeing among adults. Physical exercise behavior can be influenced by various social and environmental circumstances including neighborhood safety. Using data from South Africa Quality of life Survey 2015/16, this study aimed to assess the hypothesis that lack of perceived neighborhood safety (PNS) can reduce the likelihood of engaging in physical exercise (PE). The participants were 30,002 men and women aged 18 years and above. The association between self-reported PE behavior and neighborhood safety were assessed by multivariable regression method while adjusting for potentially confounding factors. Less than a quarter (23.41%) of the participants reported taking exercise on daily basis whereas 27.90% reported never taking any. Respectively 6.0% and 38.1% of the participants reported feeling very unsafe walking in the neighborhood during day and night. In regression analysis, both the pooled and stratified models indicated that lack of PNS was inversely associated with regular PE. Lack of PNS (bit unsafe) during day was associated with lower odds of PE both among men (OR = 0.776, P < .001) and women (OR = 0.874, P < .001). The negative association between lack of PNS and PE during day was significant among those living with disability (OR = 0.758, P < .001). Further analysis showed that the negative association between lack of PNS with regular PE during day was significant in Johannesburg (OR = 0.800, P < .001), Tshwane (OR = 0.735, P < .001) and Emfuleni (OR = 0.619, P < .001) only, while that during night was significant in Johannesburg (OR = 0.737, P < .001), Ekurhuleni (OR = 0.673, P < .001), Emfuleni (OR = 0.418, P < .001), Lesedi (OR = 0.385, P < .001), Mogale City (OR = 0.693, P < .001), and Randfontein (OR = 0.565, P < .001). Overall, the findings highlight a significantly inverse association between lack of PNS and PE behavior. In light of the current findings, it is recommended that PE promotion programs pay special attention on population living in the neighborhoods fraught with crime concerns.
保持身体活跃是成年人整体健康和心理社会幸福感的重要决定因素。体育锻炼行为会受到各种社会和环境因素的影响，包括邻里安全。本研究利用 2015/16 年南非生活质量调查的数据，旨在评估缺乏感知邻里安全（PNS）会降低参与体育锻炼（PE）可能性的假设。参与者为 30002 名年龄在 18 岁及以上的男性和女性。通过多变量回归方法评估自我报告的 PE 行为与邻里安全之间的关联，同时调整潜在混杂因素。只有不到四分之一（23.41%）的参与者报告每天进行锻炼，而 27.90%的参与者报告从不进行任何锻炼。分别有 6.0%和 38.1%的参与者报告在白天和晚上在社区行走时感到非常不安全。在回归分析中，综合和分层模型均表明，缺乏 PNS 与定期进行 PE 呈负相关。白天缺乏 PNS（有点不安全）与男性（OR=0.776，P<0.001）和女性（OR=0.874，P<0.001）进行 PE 的可能性降低有关。白天缺乏 PNS 与残疾人士的 PE 之间存在显著的负相关（OR=0.758，P<0.001）。进一步分析表明，白天缺乏 PNS 与定期 PE 之间的负相关在约翰内斯堡（OR=0.800，P<0.001）、茨瓦内（OR=0.735，P<0.001）和恩富勒利尼（OR=0.619，P<0.001）有统计学意义，而夜间在约翰内斯堡（OR=0.737，P<0.001）、伊库莱尼（OR=0.673，P<0.001）、恩富勒利尼（OR=0.418，P<0.001）、莱塞迪（OR=0.385，P<0.001）、莫加莱城（OR=0.693，P<0.001）和兰德方丹（OR=0.565，P<0.001）有统计学意义。总体而言，研究结果强调了缺乏 PNS 与 PE 行为之间存在显著的反比关系。鉴于目前的研究结果，建议 PE 促进计划特别关注生活在犯罪问题突出的社区的人群。
