Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Metab Syndr Relat Disord. 2021 May;19(4):192-199. doi: 10.1089/met.2020.0101. Epub 2020 Dec 29.
It is still uncertain whether food insecurity increases the risk of metabolic syndrome. Recent reports from the United States and developing countries have shown conflicting results on this issue. This study aimed to investigate the association between food security status and metabolic syndrome in Korean adults. We performed a nationwide population study using data for 18,782 adults obtained from the 2012 to 2015 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. The 18-item Food Security Survey Module was utilized to assess household food security status. We used multiple logistic regression models to determine the association between food security status and metabolic syndrome. The overall prevalence of food insecurity was 8.2% and that of metabolic syndrome was 27.3%. The prevalences of metabolic syndrome were 26.2%, 32.3%, 30.2%, and 28.8% in the high, marginal, low, and very low food security groups, respectively. Food-insecure participants (participants in the low food security and very low food security groups) were significantly more likely to be female, divorced/widowed/separated, and current smokers compared to food-secure participants. Food-insecure participants also had lower incomes, lower education attainments, and lower physical activities ( < 0.05). Compared with the high food security group, the marginal (odds ratio [OR]: 1.34, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.19-1.50, < 0.001) and low food security groups (OR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.04-1.42, = 0.01) had increased odds of metabolic syndrome in the unadjusted models. However, after controlling for covariates, including age, sex, marital status, education attainment, household income, smoking, alcohol intake, and physical activity, neither marginal food security (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.87-1.19, = 0.86) nor low food security (aOR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.71-1.08, = 0.22) was significantly associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome. Contrary to a prior report from the United States, food security status was not significantly associated with the risk of metabolic syndrome in Korean adults.
食物不安全是否会增加代谢综合征的风险仍不确定。最近来自美国和发展中国家的报告在这个问题上显示出相互矛盾的结果。本研究旨在调查韩国成年人的食物安全状况与代谢综合征之间的关联。我们使用了来自 2012 年至 2015 年韩国国家健康和营养检查调查的数据，对 18782 名成年人进行了全国性的人群研究。使用 18 项食物安全调查模块评估家庭食物安全状况。我们使用多变量逻辑回归模型来确定食物安全状况与代谢综合征之间的关联。食物不安全的总体患病率为 8.2%，代谢综合征的患病率为 27.3%。在高、边缘、低和极低食物安全组中，代谢综合征的患病率分别为 26.2%、32.3%、30.2%和 28.8%。与食物安全参与者相比，食物不安全参与者（低食物安全和极低食物安全组的参与者）更有可能是女性、离异/丧偶/分居和当前吸烟者。食物不安全的参与者收入较低、受教育程度较低、体力活动较少（<0.05）。与高食物安全组相比，边缘组（比值比[OR]：1.34，95%置信区间[95%CI]：1.19-1.50，<0.001）和低食物安全组（OR：1.22，95%CI：1.04-1.42，=0.01）患代谢综合征的可能性更高在未调整模型中。然而，在校正了年龄、性别、婚姻状况、教育程度、家庭收入、吸烟、饮酒和体力活动等混杂因素后，边缘性食物安全（调整后的比值比[aOR]：1.02，95%CI：0.87-1.19，=0.86）和低食物安全（aOR：0.88，95%CI：0.71-1.08，=0.22）与代谢综合征风险增加均无显著相关性。与美国的先前报告相反，食物安全状况与韩国成年人患代谢综合征的风险无显著相关性。
