State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, People's Republic of China; College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China.
State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021 Feb;209:111732. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111732. Epub 2020 Dec 26.
Fluoride, widely presented in drinking water and tea, may be detrimental or beneficial to the human health, depending on its dosages ingested. However, the relationship of different dosages of fluoride and gut microbiota is still unclear. In this work, the fermentation model using fecal samples provided by four volunteers was used to evaluate the effects of different dosages of fluoride (1, 2, 10 and 15 mg/L) on the gut microbiota in vitro. The result showed low dosages of fluoride (1 and 2 mg/L) had limited effect on the structure and functional Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway of gut microbiota. Furthermore, the low dosage of fluoride could promote the growth of beneficial gut microbiota, including Faecalibacterium and Lactobacillus. Whereas, the high dosage of fluoride (10 and 15 mg/L) significantly changed the composition and functional KEGG pathway of gut microbiota. Moreover, the high dosage of fluoride could also reduce the beneficial gut microbiota, including Faecalibacterium and Phascolarctobacterium, and increase the harmful bacterium including Proteobacteria and Enterobacteriaceae. Both low and high dosages of fluoride showed limited effect on the productions of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Thus, the beneficial or detrimental fluoride to gut microbiota depends on its dosages. The fluoride is expected to serve as a food additive in suitable dosage to improve human health through modulation of the gut microbiota. Moreover, more attention should be paid to toxicity of fluoride with high dosage to gut microbiota.
氟广泛存在于饮用水和茶中，其对人体健康的影响可能是有害的，也可能是有益的，这取决于其摄入的剂量。然而，不同剂量的氟化物与肠道微生物群的关系尚不清楚。在这项工作中，使用来自 4 名志愿者的粪便样本的发酵模型来评估不同剂量的氟化物（1、2、10 和 15 mg/L）对体外肠道微生物群的影响。结果表明，低剂量的氟化物（1 和 2 mg/L）对肠道微生物群的结构和功能京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）途径影响有限。此外，低剂量的氟化物可以促进有益肠道微生物群的生长，包括粪杆菌和乳酸杆菌。而高剂量的氟化物（10 和 15 mg/L）则显著改变了肠道微生物群的组成和功能 KEGG 途径。此外，高剂量的氟化物还可以减少有益的肠道微生物群，包括粪杆菌和 Phascolarctobacterium，并增加有害细菌，包括变形菌和肠杆菌科。低剂量和高剂量的氟化物对短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）的产生均表现出有限的影响。因此，氟对肠道微生物群的有益或有害作用取决于其剂量。预计氟化物可以作为一种食品添加剂，以合适的剂量使用，通过调节肠道微生物群来改善人类健康。此外，应该更加关注高剂量的氟化物对肠道微生物群的毒性。
