South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic.
Laboratory of Gene Expression, Institute of Biotechnology-Biocev, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Dec 22;22(1):6. doi: 10.3390/ijms22010006.
DNA damage caused by exogenous or endogenous factors is a common challenge for developing fish embryos. DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways help organisms minimize adverse effects of DNA alterations. In terms of DNA repair mechanisms, sturgeons represent a particularly interesting model due to their exceptional genome plasticity. Sterlet () is a relatively small species of sturgeon. The goal of this study was to assess the sensitivity of sterlet embryos to model genotoxicants (camptothecin, etoposide, and benzo[a]pyrene), and to assess DDR responses. We assessed the effects of genotoxicants on embryo survival, hatching rate, DNA fragmentation, gene expression, and phosphorylation of H2AX and ATM kinase. Exposure of sterlet embryos to 1 µM benzo[a]pyrene induced low levels of DNA damage accompanied by ATM phosphorylation and gene expression. Conversely, 20 µM etoposide exposure induced DNA damage without activation of known DDR pathways. Effects of 10 nM camptothecin on embryo development were stage-specific, with early stages, before gastrulation, being most sensitive. Overall, this study provides foundational information for future investigation of sterlet DDR pathways.
由外源或内源因素引起的 DNA 损伤是鱼类胚胎发育的常见挑战。DNA 损伤修复 (DDR) 途径有助于生物最小化 DNA 改变的不利影响。在 DNA 修复机制方面，鲟鱼是一个特别有趣的模型，因为它们具有异常的基因组可塑性。欧洲鳇 () 是一种相对较小的鲟鱼物种。本研究的目的是评估模型遗传毒性物质 (喜树碱、依托泊苷和苯并[a]芘) 对欧洲鳇胚胎的敏感性，并评估 DDR 反应。我们评估了遗传毒性物质对胚胎存活率、孵化率、DNA 片段化、基因表达和 H2AX 和 ATM 激酶磷酸化的影响。1 μM 苯并[a]芘暴露诱导了低水平的 DNA 损伤，伴随着 ATM 磷酸化和 基因表达。相反，20 μM 依托泊苷暴露诱导了 DNA 损伤，而没有激活已知的 DDR 途径。10 nM 喜树碱对胚胎发育的影响具有阶段特异性，原肠胚形成前的早期阶段最为敏感。总的来说，本研究为未来研究欧洲鳇的 DDR 途径提供了基础信息。
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