University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, Vodňany 389 25, Czech Republic.
University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, Vodňany 389 25, Czech Republic.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2024 Sep;110:104501. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104501. Epub 2024 Jul 15.
DNA damage in embryos shapes the development of an organism. Understanding life stage-specific differences between fish species is essential for ecological risk assessment measures. We explored DNA damage sensitivity in two nonmodel fish species, sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Embryos of these species were exposed to a model genotoxicant, camptothecin (CPT), during cleavage (2-cell) stage and gastrulation. Results revealed a species-specific DNA damage sensitivity only at cleavage stage. 3 nM CPT caused lethality in sterlet embryos while carp embryos hatched normally. Multiple nuclear abnormalities were observed in sterlet embryos by early gastrula stage. However, carp embryos exhibited nuclear abnormalities and DNA fragmentation at neurula stage only when exposed to 7 nM CPT. Moreover, increased expression of tp53 in carp embryos at gastrula stage suggests activation of apoptosis mechanism. These findings suggest that carp embryos activate DNA damage response more efficiently than sterlet embryos at same developmental stage.
胚胎中的 DNA 损伤会影响生物体的发育。了解鱼类物种在不同生命阶段的差异对于生态风险评估措施至关重要。我们研究了两种非模式鱼类物种——小体鲟（Acipenser ruthenus）和鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio）的胚胎对 DNA 损伤的敏感性。在这两个物种的胚胎处于分裂（2 细胞）期和原肠胚形成期时，用模型遗传毒物喜树碱（CPT）进行处理。结果表明，只有在分裂期才表现出物种特异性的 DNA 损伤敏感性。3nM 的 CPT 导致小体鲟胚胎致死，而鲤鱼胚胎正常孵化。在早期原肠胚形成期观察到小体鲟胚胎存在多种核异常。然而，当鲤鱼胚胎暴露于 7nM 的 CPT 时，仅在神经胚形成期才表现出核异常和 DNA 片段化。此外，在原肠胚形成期，鲤鱼胚胎中 tp53 的表达增加表明细胞凋亡机制被激活。这些发现表明，在相同的发育阶段，鲤鱼胚胎比小体鲟胚胎更有效地激活 DNA 损伤反应。
