Panzarini Elisa, Mariano Stefania, Tacconi Stefano, Carata Elisabetta, Tata Ada Maria, Dini Luciana
Departament of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
Departament of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2020 Dec 22;11(1):2. doi: 10.3390/nano11010002.
Nutraceuticals represent complementary or alternative beneficial products to the expensive and high-tech therapeutic tools in modern medicine. Nowadays, their medical or health benefits in preventing or treating different types of diseases is widely accepted, due to fewer side effects than synthetic drugs, improved bioavailability and long half-life. Among herbal and natural compounds, curcumin is a very attractive herbal supplement considering its multipurpose properties. The potential effects of curcumin on glia cells and its therapeutic and protective properties in central nervous system (CNS)-related disorders is relevant. However, curcumin is unstable and easily degraded or metabolized into other forms posing limits to its clinical development. This is particularly important in brain pathologies determined blood brain barrier (BBB) obstacle. To enhance the stability and bioavailability of curcumin, many studies focused on the design and development of curcumin nanodelivery systems (nanoparticles, micelles, dendrimers, and diverse nanocarriers). These nanoconstructs can increase curcumin stability, solubility, in vivo uptake, bioactivity and safety. Recently, several studies have reported on a curcumin exosome-based delivery system, showing great therapeutical potential. The present work aims to review the current available data in improving bioactivity of curcumin in treatment or prevention of neurological disorders.
营养保健品是现代医学中昂贵且高科技治疗工具的补充或替代有益产品。如今，它们在预防或治疗不同类型疾病方面的医疗或健康益处已被广泛接受，因为与合成药物相比，其副作用更少、生物利用度更高且半衰期更长。在草药和天然化合物中，姜黄素因其多用途特性而成为一种非常有吸引力的草药补充剂。姜黄素对神经胶质细胞的潜在影响及其在中枢神经系统（CNS）相关疾病中的治疗和保护特性备受关注。然而，姜黄素不稳定，容易降解或代谢成其他形式，这限制了其临床开发。在由血脑屏障（BBB）障碍决定的脑部病理中，这一点尤为重要。为了提高姜黄素的稳定性和生物利用度，许多研究集中在姜黄素纳米递送系统（纳米颗粒、胶束、树枝状大分子和各种纳米载体）的设计和开发上。这些纳米结构可以提高姜黄素的稳定性、溶解度、体内摄取、生物活性和安全性。最近，几项研究报道了基于姜黄素外泌体的递送系统，显示出巨大的治疗潜力。本工作旨在综述目前关于提高姜黄素在治疗或预防神经疾病方面生物活性的现有数据。
