School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong 3216, Australia.
Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, Geelong 3216, Australia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Dec 25;22(1):149. doi: 10.3390/ijms22010149.
Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are a growing concern around the world. They contribute to increasing mortality and morbidity rates and are an economic threat. All hospital patients have the potential to contract an HAI, but those with weakened or inferior immune systems are at highest risk. Most hospital patients will contract at least one HAI, but many will contract multiple ones. Bacteria are the most common cause of HAIs and contribute to 80-90% of all HAIs, with , , , , and accounting for the majority. Each of these bacteria are highly resistant to antibiotics and can produce a protective film, known as a biofilm, to further prevent their eradication. It has been shown that by detecting and eradicating bacteria in the environment, infection rates can be reduced. The current methods for detecting bacteria are time consuming, non-specific, and prone to false negatives or false positives. Aptamer-based biosensors have demonstrated specific, time-efficient and simple detection, highlighting the likelihood that they could be used in a similar way to detect HAI-causing bacteria.
医院获得性感染（HAI）是全球日益关注的问题。它们导致死亡率和发病率上升，是一种经济威胁。所有医院患者都有可能感染 HAI，但那些免疫系统较弱或较差的患者风险最高。大多数医院患者至少会感染一种 HAI，但许多患者会感染多种 HAI。细菌是 HAI 最常见的原因，占所有 HAI 的 80-90%，其中 、 、 、 、 占大多数。这些细菌对抗生素具有高度耐药性，并且可以产生一种保护性薄膜，称为生物膜，以进一步防止它们被清除。已经表明，通过检测和消除环境中的细菌，可以降低感染率。目前用于检测细菌的方法既耗时又非特异性，并且容易出现假阴性或假阳性。基于适配体的生物传感器已经证明了特定、高效和简单的检测，这突出表明它们可能以类似的方式用于检测引起 HAI 的细菌。
