Zhang Tiantian, Wang Qian, Shi Wenming, Sheng Tao, Liu Jiaxing, Zhao Jiejin, Huang Yuanmin, Xia Yutian, Liu Zhanyi, Dai Ruiming, Bao Zhenyu, Wu Ping, Xu Site, Luo Li
School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.
School of Computer Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China.
Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020 Dec 21;13:3067-3077. doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S280672. eCollection 2020.
Face masks are basic protective equipment for preventing respiratory infectious diseases. The measures to properly dispose of and allocate face masks during the early stage of an epidemic caused by respiratory infectious diseases deserve worldwide attention.
A qualitative research approach was used to document the practice of a citywide face mask-wearing strategy of the Shanghai Municipal Government (called the "Shanghai solution" in this article). Based on data from government work documents, an online face mask-allocation and sales system was built to offer real-time updates of face-mask appointments and sales information in all designated pharmacies and neighborhood committees in Shanghai.
In the Shanghai solution, a total of 24.8 million residents in 6,031 committees were covered, in order to achieve universal wearing of face masks during the COVID-19 crisis. Up to 110 million face masks were dispensed to residents in six rounds of face-mask allocation during February to April. This practical experience in Shanghai solved two key problems (insufficient face-mask capacity, protection of vulnerable population) with the supply of face masks by addressing four essential characteristics: overall coordination, on-demand distribution, efficient distribution, and technical support.
The practice of the citywide face mask-supply strategy of Shanghai could provide several pointers for management of a shortage of emergency materials, dispatch, and transport to other countries during the pandemic.
口罩是预防呼吸道传染病的基本防护装备。在呼吸道传染病疫情早期，妥善处置和分配口罩的措施值得全球关注。
采用定性研究方法记录上海市政府全市范围口罩佩戴策略的实施情况（本文称为“上海方案”）。基于政府工作文件中的数据，建立了一个在线口罩分配和销售系统，以提供上海所有指定药店和居委会口罩预约和销售信息的实时更新。
在“上海方案”中，覆盖了6031个居委会的2480万居民，以便在新冠疫情期间实现口罩的普遍佩戴。在2月至4月的六轮口罩分配中，向居民发放了多达1.1亿只口罩。上海的这一实践经验通过解决整体协调、按需分配、高效配送和技术支持这四个基本特征，解决了口罩供应中的两个关键问题（口罩产能不足、弱势群体保护）。
上海全市范围口罩供应策略的实践可为疫情期间其他国家应急物资短缺的管理、调配和运输提供若干指导。
