The College of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
The College of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China. Email:
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2020;29(4):867-875. doi: 10.6133/apjcn.202012_29(4).0023.
Diet plays a crucial role in cognition. Mild cognitive impairment has a high prevalence in rural elderly people. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between diet and mild cognitive impairment among rural elderly people in China. The study evaluated the association between diet and the risk of mild cognitive impairment among them.
In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 1262 participants (≥65 years) living in rural Qingdao, China. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination, and dietary consumption was measured using a food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to assess the associations.
In all, 315 (25%) participants had mild cognitive impairment. The weekly frequency of food consumption was lower in the mild cognitive impairment group than in the no mild cognitive impairment group. After adjusting for covariates, compared with participants who consumed never/less than once a week, daily consumption of coarse cereals (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.44-0.91), potatoes (OR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.34-0.87), fruits (OR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.35-0.69), livestock and poultry meat (OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.44-0.99), eggs (OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.47-0.97), and nuts (OR: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.28-0.80) was inversely associated with mild cognitive impairment (all p<0.05).
Higher dietary diversity and more frequent consumption of coarse cereals, potatoes, fruits, livestock and poultry meat, eggs, and nuts were associated with a lower risk of mild cognitive impairment. Elderly people should develop healthy dietary habits to prevent or delay cognitive decline.
饮食在认知中起着至关重要的作用。轻度认知障碍在农村老年人中患病率较高。然而，在中国，很少有研究调查饮食与农村老年人轻度认知障碍之间的关系。本研究评估了饮食与农村老年人轻度认知障碍风险之间的关系。
在这项横断面研究中，我们纳入了 1262 名（≥65 岁）居住在青岛农村的参与者。认知功能使用简易精神状态检查进行评估，饮食摄入使用食物频率问卷进行测量。使用 logistic 回归模型评估相关性。
共有 315 名（25%）参与者患有轻度认知障碍。与无轻度认知障碍组相比，轻度认知障碍组每周食用食物的频率较低。在调整了协变量后，与从不/每周食用少于一次的参与者相比，每日食用粗粮（OR：0.64，95%CI：0.44-0.91）、土豆（OR：0.54，95%CI：0.34-0.87）、水果（OR：0.49，95%CI：0.35-0.69）、畜肉和禽肉（OR：0.66，95%CI：0.44-0.99）、蛋类（OR：0.67，95%CI：0.47-0.97）和坚果（OR：0.47，95%CI：0.28-0.80）与轻度认知障碍呈负相关（均 p<0.05）。
较高的饮食多样性和更频繁地食用粗粮、土豆、水果、畜肉和禽肉、蛋类和坚果与轻度认知障碍风险降低相关。老年人应养成健康的饮食习惯，以预防或延缓认知能力下降。
