Klimova Blanka, Novotny Michal, Schlegel Petr, Valis Martin
Department of Applied Linguistics, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
Department of Neurology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
Nutrients. 2021 Jun 16;13(6):2067. doi: 10.3390/nu13062067.
At present, due to the demographic changes and the rise of senior population worldwide, there is effort to prolong an active life of these people by both pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies. The purpose of this article is, on the basis of the literature review of recent clinical studies, to discuss one of such strategy, i.e., the effect of Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) on the cognitive functions among both the cognitively unimpaired and impaired elderly people. The methodology includes a literature review of full-text, peer-reviewed journal studies written in English and published in Web of Science and PubMed between 1 January 2016 and 28 February 2021. The findings indicate that the adherence to MedDiet has a positive effect on both cognitively impaired and unimpaired older population, especially on their memory, both in the short and long run. The results show that the higher adherence to MedDiet proves to have a better effect on global cognitive performance of older people. In addition, the adherence to MedDiet offers other benefits to older people, such as reduction of depressive symptoms, lowered frailty, as well as reduced length of hospital stays.
目前，由于全球人口结构变化以及老年人口的增加，人们正通过药物和非药物策略努力延长这些人的活跃寿命。本文的目的是，在对近期临床研究进行文献综述的基础上，讨论其中一种策略，即地中海饮食（MedDiet）对认知未受损和受损老年人认知功能的影响。方法包括对2016年1月1日至2021年2月28日期间发表在《科学引文索引》和《医学期刊数据库》上的、用英文撰写的、经过同行评审的全文期刊研究进行文献综述。研究结果表明，坚持地中海饮食对认知受损和未受损的老年人群都有积极影响，尤其是在短期和长期对他们的记忆力方面。结果显示，更高程度地坚持地中海饮食对老年人的整体认知表现有更好的效果。此外，坚持地中海饮食还给老年人带来其他益处，如减轻抑郁症状、降低虚弱程度以及缩短住院时间。
