Private Practice, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Psychology Department, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada.
Psychother Res. 2021 Sep;31(7):895-908. doi: 10.1080/10503307.2020.1866784. Epub 2020 Dec 30.
This study involves the first attempt to identify sudden gains in a sample of clients undergoing experiential therapy for depression while also investigating client and therapist change processes related to sudden gains. Pre- and post-session Beck Depression Inventory, short form (BDI-SF) questionnaires were used to identify sudden gains and differentiate between in-session and between-session symptom changes in thirty-six client-therapist dyads. Archival videotape data of a sub-sample were coded using the Experiencing Scale, Classification of Affective Meaning States, and the Coding System for Therapist Focus.: The study revealed that 63.9% of clients experienced a sudden gain and the bulk of the total mean symptom decrease (74.9%) was found to occur within the session preceding the sudden gain. During this critical session, clients were more likely to display deepened experiencing ( < .01, = .34), clients were more likely to express "primary adaptive emotions" ( < .05, = .38), and therapists were found to be more likely to focus on unmet client needs ( < .01, = .75). The majority of the sudden gain change occurs within session in experiential therapy, and primary adaptive emotions as well as addressing unmet needs are possible processes of sudden gains.
本研究首次尝试在接受体验式抑郁症治疗的患者样本中识别突然收益，同时也调查了与突然收益相关的患者和治疗师的变化过程。在 36 个医患二人组中，使用贝克抑郁量表（BDI-SF）问卷来识别突然收益，并区分会话内和会话间的症状变化。对亚样本的档案录像数据使用体验量表、情感意义状态分类和治疗师焦点编码系统进行了编码。研究结果显示，63.9%的患者经历了突然收益，并且总平均症状下降的大部分（74.9%）发生在突然收益之前的会话中。在这个关键的会话中，患者更有可能表现出更深入的体验（ < .01, = .34），患者更有可能表达“主要适应性情绪”（ < .05, = .38），并且治疗师更有可能关注未满足的客户需求（ < .01, = .75）。在体验式治疗中，大部分的突然收益变化发生在会话内，主要的适应性情绪以及满足未满足的需求可能是突然收益的过程。
