Department of Sport Science, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK.
Department of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Derby, Derby DE22 1GB, UK.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Dec 28;18(1):163. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18010163.
The use of technology has been suggested as a means of allowing continued autonomous living for older adults, while reducing the burden on caregivers and aiding decision-making relating to healthcare. However, more clarity is needed relating to the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) recognised, and the types of technology included within current monitoring approaches. This review aims to identify these differences and highlight the current gaps in these systems. A scoping review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA-ScR, drawing on PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Articles and commercially available systems were selected if they focused on ADL recognition of older adults within their home environment. Thirty-nine ADL recognition systems were identified, nine of which were commercially available. One system incorporated environmental and wearable technology, two used only wearable technology, and 34 used only environmental technologies. Overall, 14 ADL were identified but there was variation in the specific ADL recognised by each system. Although the use of technology to monitor ADL of older adults is becoming more prevalent, there is a large variation in the ADL recognised, how ADL are defined, and the types of technology used within monitoring systems. Key stakeholders, such as older adults and healthcare workers, should be consulted in future work to ensure that future developments are functional and useable.
技术的使用被认为是允许老年人继续自主生活的一种手段，同时减轻照顾者的负担，并有助于医疗保健相关决策。然而，目前需要更加明确的是日常生活活动（ADL）的识别，以及当前监测方法中所包含的技术类型。本综述旨在确定这些差异，并强调这些系统目前存在的差距。根据 PRISMA-ScR，进行了范围综述，从 PubMed、Scopus 和 Google Scholar 中提取数据。如果文章和商业上可用的系统侧重于老年人在家中的日常生活活动识别，则选择这些文章和系统。确定了 39 个日常生活活动识别系统，其中 9 个是商业上可用的。一个系统结合了环境和可穿戴技术，两个系统仅使用可穿戴技术，34 个系统仅使用环境技术。总体而言，确定了 14 项日常生活活动，但每个系统识别的具体日常生活活动存在差异。尽管使用技术来监测老年人的日常生活活动变得越来越普遍，但在识别的日常生活活动、日常生活活动的定义以及监测系统中使用的技术类型方面存在很大差异。未来的工作应该咨询关键利益相关者，如老年人和医疗保健工作者，以确保未来的发展具有功能性和可用性。
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