Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2301 Vanderbilt Place, PMB-351826, Nashville, TN 37235, United States.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2301 Vanderbilt Place, PMB-351826, Nashville, TN 37235, United States.
Waste Manag. 2021 Feb 15;121:226-236. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.12.016. Epub 2020 Dec 28.
Environmental management often benefits from leaching assessment as a predictive tool for estimating constituent leaching from solid and waste materials. The Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) provides both validated tests methods for characterizing materials and a methodology for developing screening assessments based on material characterization results. The use of LEAF data in a screening-level environmental assessment approach is demonstrated through a hypothetical case study of copper/lead smelter soil remediation. The LEAF test methods characterize leaching behavior from a wide range of materials as either constituent liquid-solid partitioning as functions of pH and liquid-to-solid ratio (L/S) or as a rate of constituent mass transport. In this study, leaching characteristics of a contaminated smelter soil and the same soil treated by solidification/stabilization with Portland cement were compared to hypothetical environmental thresholds. Screening assessments were developed for total content, available content, and maximum concentrations over relevant pH domains and L/S ranges. Assessment ratios for barium, beryllium, and fluoride indicated that estimated leaching would be less than thresholds in both materials and these constituents were removed from further analysis. Similarly, chromium (in soil) and zinc (in solidified material) were screened from further analysis. For the remaining constituents, scenario-based assessment could refine estimated leaching concentrations by considering anticipated conditions of leaching scenario.
环境管理通常受益于浸出评估，因为它是一种预测工具，可以估算固体和废物材料中成分的浸出量。浸出环境评估框架（LEAF）提供了用于描述材料的经过验证的测试方法，以及一种基于材料描述结果开发筛选评估的方法。通过对铜/铅冶炼厂土壤修复的假设案例研究，展示了在筛选级环境评估方法中使用 LEAF 数据。LEAF 测试方法将各种材料的浸出行为描述为成分在 pH 和固液比（L/S）之间的液体-固体分配函数，或者作为成分质量迁移率。在本研究中，比较了污染冶炼厂土壤和用波特兰水泥固化/稳定化处理的相同土壤的浸出特性与假设的环境阈值。为总含量、有效含量和相关 pH 域和 L/S 范围内的最大浓度制定了筛选评估。钡、铍和氟化物的评估比表明，两种材料中的估计浸出量都低于阈值，这些成分已被排除在进一步分析之外。同样，铬（在土壤中）和锌（在固化材料中）也被排除在进一步分析之外。对于其余成分，可以通过考虑浸出情况的预期条件，对基于情景的评估进行改进，以估算出浸出浓度。
