Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), P.O. Box 576, Sari, Iran.
Department of Systems Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), P.O. Box 31535-1897, Karaj, Iran.
Planta. 2021 Jan 2;253(1):9. doi: 10.1007/s00425-020-03521-z.
Camelina biotypes had different responses to freezing stress, which was mainly inherited by additive gene effects and can be reliably used in breeding programs and for a better understanding of freezing tolerance mechanisms in camelina plants. Camelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz] is a frost-tolerant oilseed plant that is cultivated as an autumn crop in semi-arid regions. However, camelina establishment in these areas is limited by low temperatures in winter that results in decreased seed yield. In the present study, genetic basis of freezing tolerance (FT) in spring and winter biotypes of camelina was analyzed at seedling stage using a diallel cross experiment. The parents consisted of two winter doubled haploid (DH) lines with high (DH34 and DH31), two spring lines with medium (DH19 and DH26), and two spring lines with low FT (DH08 and DH91). For this purpose, the parents along with F entries were subjected to freezing stress and survival percentage, electrolyte leakage, and lethal temperature for 50% mortality (LT) of the lines were measured. Results showed that although both additive and non-additive effects of the genes determine the FT, further analyses indicated that it was mainly controlled by the additive effects. Therefore, selection-based methods may be more efficient for improving FT in camelina genotypes. The results of specific combining ability (SCA) and heterosis analysis among various DH lines suggested that more tolerant cultivars of camelina could be developed by targeted crossings. When a tolerant winter line and a susceptible spring line were crossed, their progenies showed a higher FT compared with the progenies of a cross between two susceptible spring lines indicating FT is controlled by additive effects of the genes in camelina plants. These findings provided new insight into the genetic basis of freezing-related traits in camelina and could be used for more sophisticated breeding programs.
荠蓝生物型对冷冻胁迫有不同的反应，这主要是由加性基因效应遗传的，可以可靠地用于育种计划，并有助于更好地理解荠蓝植物的抗冻机制。荠蓝（Camelina sativa（L.）Crantz）是一种耐霜的油料植物，在半干旱地区作为秋季作物种植。然而，在这些地区，荠蓝的建立受到冬季低温的限制，导致种子产量下降。在本研究中，利用双单倍体（DH）系的杂种优势分析了荠蓝春、冬生物型的耐冻性（FT）遗传基础。亲本由两个具有高 FT 的冬 DH 系（DH34 和 DH31）、两个具有中 FT 的春 DH 系（DH19 和 DH26）和两个具有低 FT 的春 DH 系（DH08 和 DH91）组成。为此，将亲本和 F 系进行冷冻胁迫处理，测量存活率、电解质渗透率和致死温度（50%致死率，LT）。结果表明，尽管基因的加性和非加性效应都决定了 FT，但进一步的分析表明，它主要受加性效应控制。因此，基于选择的方法可能更有效地提高荠蓝基因型的 FT。DH 系之间各种特定配合力（SCA）和杂种优势分析的结果表明，通过有针对性的杂交可以开发出更耐荠蓝品种。当一个耐冬的线与一个易感的春线杂交时，它们的后代比两个易感的春线杂交的后代表现出更高的 FT，这表明 FT 受荠蓝植物基因的加性效应控制。这些发现为荠蓝与冷冻相关性状的遗传基础提供了新的见解，并可用于更复杂的育种计划。
