Department of Psychology and Communication, Texas A&M International University, 5201 University Blvd, AIC 372, Laredo, TX, 78041, USA.
Department of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics, and Health, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.
Support Care Cancer. 2021 Jul;29(7):3877-3884. doi: 10.1007/s00520-020-05940-w. Epub 2021 Jan 2.
The purpose of the study was to investigate the prevalence of poor health behaviors (low dietary quality, low physical activity (PA), and high body mass index (BMI)) in cancer patients and the general population and its relationship with receipt of patient-physician recommendations.
We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2014 to compare 1846 patients with a history of cancer to 16,641 with no cancer history. BMI was measured during physical exam. Dietary quality and PA were obtained from a questionnaire, along with receipt of physician recommendations for each behavior.
Cancer patients had dietary quality that "needs improvement," were not meeting PA recommendations, and were overweight. Compared to the general population, dietary quality (54 vs. 54, p = .80), prevalence of physical inactivity (34% vs. 31%, p = .01), and BMI (28 vs. 28, p < .01) were similar. Among cancer patients, prevalence of physician recommendations to improve dietary quality (33.5%), increase PA or exercise (47.7%), and lose or control weight (32.1%) were low. Physicians recommended health behavior change to cancer patients more frequently than the general population (p < .01). Overweight and physically inactive cancer patients were more likely to receive physician recommendations (ps < .01). Physician recommendations were not associated with dietary quality (p = .65).
Prevalence of poor diet, physical inactivity, and obesity is high in both populations with less than 50% of patients receiving physician health behavior recommendations. These findings underscore the need for increased frequency and efficacy of patient-physician health behavior recommendations, especially in cancer patients, to improve patient outcomes.
本研究旨在调查癌症患者和一般人群中不良健康行为（低饮食质量、低身体活动和高体重指数）的流行情况及其与接受医患建议的关系。
我们分析了 2005-2014 年全国健康与营养调查（NHANES）的数据，将 1846 例有癌症病史的患者与 16641 例无癌症病史的患者进行了比较。在体检时测量 BMI。通过问卷获得饮食质量和身体活动情况，以及是否收到医生对每种行为的建议。
癌症患者的饮食质量“需要改善”，未达到身体活动建议，且超重。与一般人群相比，饮食质量（54%比 54%，p=0.80）、身体活动不足的患病率（34%比 31%，p=0.01）和 BMI（28 比 28，p<0.01）相似。在癌症患者中，医生建议改善饮食质量（33.5%）、增加身体活动或锻炼（47.7%）和减肥或控制体重（32.1%）的比例较低。医生建议癌症患者改变健康行为的频率高于一般人群（p<0.01）。超重和身体活动不足的癌症患者更有可能收到医生的建议（p<0.01）。医生的建议与饮食质量无关（p=0.65）。
在这两个群体中，不良饮食、身体活动不足和肥胖的患病率都很高，不到 50%的患者接受了医生关于健康行为的建议。这些发现强调了需要增加医患健康行为建议的频率和效果，特别是在癌症患者中，以改善患者的预后。
