Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, P.R. China.
Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, P.R. China.
Int J Biol Sci. 2021 Jan 1;17(1):236-246. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.51123. eCollection 2021.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short non-coding RNAs of approximately 22 nucleotides in length, which function by binding to the 3' UTR sequences of their target mRNAs. It has been reported that dysregulated miRNAs play pivotal roles in numerous diseases, including cancers, such as gastric, breast, colorectal, ovarian, and other cancers. Recent research efforts have been devoted to translating these basic discoveries into clinical applications that could improve the therapeutic outcome in patients with cancer. Early studies have shown that miR-340 may act either as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor by targeting genes related to proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis, as well as those associated with diagnosis, treatment, chemoresistance, and prognosis. miR-340 has been shown to have a role in other diseases, such as autoimmune diseases, acute stroke, and alcoholic steatohepatitis. Nevertheless, the roles of miR-340 in human malignancies are still unclear, and the associated mechanisms are complex, involving a variety of signaling pathways, such as Wnt/β-catenin and the JAK-STAT pathways. Herein, we review the crucial roles of miR-340 in human cancers through the analysis of the latest research studies, with the aim of clarifying miR-340 function in malignant disease diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis, and to propose further investigations.
微小 RNA（miRNAs）是一类约 22 个核苷酸长度的短非编码 RNA，通过与靶 mRNA 的 3'UTR 序列结合发挥作用。据报道，失调的 miRNAs 在许多疾病中发挥关键作用，包括胃癌、乳腺癌、结直肠癌、卵巢癌和其他癌症等。最近的研究努力致力于将这些基础发现转化为临床应用，以改善癌症患者的治疗效果。早期研究表明，miR-340 可以通过靶向与增殖、凋亡和转移相关的基因，以及与诊断、治疗、化疗耐药性和预后相关的基因，作为癌基因或肿瘤抑制因子发挥作用。miR-340 已被证明在其他疾病中发挥作用，如自身免疫性疾病、急性中风和酒精性脂肪性肝炎。然而，miR-340 在人类恶性肿瘤中的作用仍不清楚，相关机制复杂，涉及多种信号通路，如 Wnt/β-catenin 和 JAK-STAT 通路。在此，我们通过分析最新的研究研究，综述了 miR-340 在人类癌症中的关键作用，旨在阐明 miR-340 在恶性疾病诊断、治疗和预后中的功能，并提出进一步的研究。
