Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Int J Biol Sci. 2021 Jan 1;17(1):307-327. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.53589. eCollection 2021.
Uncovering the intricacies of the gut microbiome and how it interacts with the host immune system has opened up pathways in the search for the treatment of disease conditions. Alcohol-associated liver disease is a major cause of death worldwide. Research has shed light on the breakdown of the protective gut barriers, translocation of gut microbes to the liver and inflammatory immune response to microbes all contributing to alcohol-associated liver disease. This knowledge has opened up avenues for alternative therapies to alleviate alcohol-associated liver disease based on the interaction of the commensal gut microbiome as a key player in the regulation of the immune response. This review describes the relevance of the intestinal immune system, the gut microbiota, and specialized and non-specialized intestinal cells in the regulation of intestinal homeostasis. It also reflects how these components are altered during alcohol-associated liver disease and discusses new approaches for potential future therapies in alcohol-associated liver disease.
揭示肠道微生物组的复杂性及其与宿主免疫系统的相互作用，为疾病治疗的探索开辟了新途径。酒精相关性肝病是全球范围内主要的死亡原因之一。研究揭示了保护性肠道屏障的破坏、肠道微生物向肝脏的易位以及对微生物的炎症免疫反应，所有这些都导致了酒精相关性肝病。这一知识为基于共生肠道微生物组作为调节免疫反应的关键因素的相互作用的缓解酒精相关性肝病的替代疗法开辟了途径。这篇综述描述了肠道免疫系统、肠道微生物群以及专门和非专门的肠道细胞在调节肠道内稳态中的相关性。它还反映了这些成分在酒精相关性肝病期间如何发生改变，并讨论了酒精相关性肝病潜在未来治疗方法的新途径。
