Liu Tiantian, Gatto Nicole M, Chen Zhong, Qiu Hongyu, Lee Grace, Duerksen-Hughes Penelope, Fraser Gary, Wang Charles
Center for Genomics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, CA 91711, USA.
Precis Clin Med. 2020 Dec;3(4):245-259. doi: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbaa037. Epub 2020 Oct 23.
A long-term vegetarian diet plays a role in the longevity and maintenance of the healthspan, but the underlying mechanisms for these observations are largely unknown. Particularly, it is not known whether a long-term vegetarian dietary pattern may affect the circulating miRNA expression in such a way as to modulate the healthspan. The Adventist Health Study-2 (AHS-2) cohort includes a large number of older adults who primarily follow vegetarian dietary patterns and reside in Loma Linda, California, one of five "Blue Zones" in the world in which a higher proportion of the population enjoys a longer than average lifespan. We performed miRNA-seq in 96 subjects selected from the AHS-2 cohort with different dietary patterns. We identified several differentially expressed miRNAs between vegetarians and non-vegetarians, which are involved in immune response and cytokine signaling, cell growth and proliferation as well as age-related diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative diseases. Overall, our study showed that a vegetarian diet modulates aging-associated circulating miRNAs in a sex-dependent manner of differential expression for certain miRNAs, which may be related in a beneficial manner to the healthspan. Further investigation is needed to validate these miRNAs as potential biomarkers for diet-modulated longevity in humans.
长期素食在长寿和维持健康寿命方面发挥着作用，但这些观察结果背后的机制在很大程度上尚不清楚。特别是，长期素食饮食模式是否会以调节健康寿命的方式影响循环miRNA表达尚不清楚。基督复临安息日会健康研究2（AHS-2）队列包括大量主要遵循素食饮食模式的老年人，他们居住在加利福尼亚州的洛马林达，这是世界上五个“蓝色区域”之一，该地区较高比例的人口享有高于平均水平的寿命。我们对从AHS-2队列中选择的96名具有不同饮食模式的受试者进行了miRNA测序。我们鉴定出素食者和非素食者之间几种差异表达的miRNA，它们参与免疫反应和细胞因子信号传导、细胞生长和增殖以及与年龄相关的疾病，如心血管疾病和神经退行性疾病。总体而言，我们的研究表明，素食饮食以性别依赖的方式调节与衰老相关的循环miRNA，某些miRNA存在差异表达，这可能以有益的方式与健康寿命相关。需要进一步研究来验证这些miRNA作为人类饮食调节长寿的潜在生物标志物。
