Castellano Flavia, Molinier-Frenkel Valérie
Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, Creteil, France.
AP-HP, Hopital Henri Mondor, Departement Immunologie-Hématologie, Creteil, France.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020 Dec 17;8:613416. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.613416. eCollection 2020.
Amino acids are essential for protein synthesis, epigenetic modification through the methylation of histones, and the maintenance of a controlled balance of oxidoreduction via the production of glutathione and are precursors of certain neurotransmitters. T lymphocytes are particularly sensitive to fluctuations in amino acid levels. During evolution, the production of amino-acid catabolizing enzymes by mainly antigen-presenting cells has become a physiological mechanism to control T-cell activation and polarization. The action of these enzymes interferes with TCR and co-stimulation signaling, allowing tuning of the T-cell response. These capacities can be altered in certain pathological conditions, with relevant consequences for the development of disease.
氨基酸对于蛋白质合成、通过组蛋白甲基化进行的表观遗传修饰以及通过谷胱甘肽的产生维持氧化还原的可控平衡至关重要，并且是某些神经递质的前体。T淋巴细胞对氨基酸水平的波动特别敏感。在进化过程中，主要由抗原呈递细胞产生的氨基酸分解代谢酶已成为控制T细胞活化和极化的生理机制。这些酶的作用会干扰TCR和共刺激信号传导，从而调节T细胞反应。在某些病理条件下，这些能力可能会发生改变，对疾病的发展产生相关影响。
