Department of Medicine, Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Res Nurs Health. 2021 Feb;44(1):226-237. doi: 10.1002/nur.22105. Epub 2021 Jan 4.
Telehealth has been increasingly used to expand healthcare access over the last two decades. However, this had not been the case for palliative care (PC), because telehealth was considered nontraditional and impractical due to the sensitive nature of conversations and a "high touch" philosophy. Motivated by limited PC access to rural and underserved populations and positive PC telehealth studies, clinical PC telehealth models have been developing. However, nearly overnight, the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the use and uptake of telehealth across health care and especially in PC. As a result, clinicians, administrators, and others agree that telehealth is "here to stay," and will likely maintain widespread use and refinement beyond rural areas. The purpose of this review is to describe exemplar PC telehealth programs in research and clinical practice, including pros and cons, lessons learned, and future directions for the ongoing development and expansion of PC via telehealth across diseases and the lifespan.
在过去的二十年中，远程医疗已被越来越多地用于扩大医疗保健的可及性。然而，这种情况并未出现在姑息治疗（PC）中，因为远程医疗因其谈话的敏感性和“高接触”理念而被认为是非传统和不切实际的。由于农村和服务不足人群获得 PC 的机会有限，以及对 PC 远程医疗研究的积极评价，临床 PC 远程医疗模式一直在发展。然而，由于 COVID-19 大流行，远程医疗在医疗保健中的使用和接受度几乎一夜之间加速，尤其是在 PC 中。因此，临床医生、管理人员和其他人都认为远程医疗“已经存在”，并且很可能会在农村地区以外继续广泛使用和改进。本综述的目的是描述研究和临床实践中姑息治疗远程医疗的范例项目，包括优缺点、经验教训以及通过远程医疗在疾病和整个生命周期中持续发展和扩大姑息治疗的未来方向。
