Yaw Alexandra M, McLane-Svoboda Autumn K, Hoffmann Hanne M
Department of Animal Science and the Reproductive and Developmental Science Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Dec 30;22(1):324. doi: 10.3390/ijms22010324.
Shiftwork, including work that takes place at night (nightshift) and/or rotates between day and nightshifts, plays an important role in our society, but is associated with decreased health, including reproductive dysfunction. One key factor in shiftwork, exposure to light at night, has been identified as a likely contributor to the underlying health risks associated with shiftwork. Light at night disrupts the behavioral and molecular circadian timekeeping system, which is important for coordinated timing of physiological processes, causing mistimed hormone release and impaired physiological functions. This review focuses on the impact of shiftwork on reproductive function and pregnancy in women and laboratory rodents and potential underlying molecular mechanisms. We summarize the negative impact of shiftwork on female fertility and compare these findings to studies in rodent models of light shifts. Light-shift rodent models recapitulate several aspects of reproductive dysfunction found in shift workers, and their comparison with human studies can enable a deeper understanding of physiological and hormonal responses to light shifts and the underlying molecular mechanisms that may lead to reproductive disruption in human shift workers. The contributions of human and rodent studies are essential to identify the origins of impaired fertility in women employed in shiftwork.
轮班工作，包括夜间工作（夜班）和/或在白班和夜班之间轮换的工作，在我们的社会中发挥着重要作用，但与健康下降有关，包括生殖功能障碍。轮班工作的一个关键因素，即夜间暴露于光线下，已被确定为与轮班工作相关的潜在健康风险的一个可能因素。夜间光线会扰乱行为和分子昼夜节律计时系统，这对生理过程的协调时间安排很重要，会导致激素释放时间不当和生理功能受损。这篇综述重点关注轮班工作对女性和实验啮齿动物生殖功能及妊娠的影响以及潜在的分子机制。我们总结了轮班工作对女性生育能力的负面影响，并将这些发现与光周期变化的啮齿动物模型研究进行比较。光周期变化的啮齿动物模型概括了轮班工作者中发现的生殖功能障碍的几个方面，将它们与人体研究进行比较可以更深入地了解对光周期变化的生理和激素反应以及可能导致人类轮班工作者生殖功能紊乱的潜在分子机制。人体和啮齿动物研究的贡献对于确定从事轮班工作的女性生育能力受损的根源至关重要。
