[2012年至2016年南京市体检人群职业、年龄、性别分组血清尿酸分布特征及其影响因素]

Wang Q, Wang C, Xue J, Chen M M, Sun H W, Jiang M

Department of Geriatrics, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.

Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 2021 Jan 1;60(1):29-34. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20200306-00198.

To investigate the distribution of uric acid in different occupation, age and gender groups, and changes of prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) and its influencing factors in healthy adults who receiving physical examination in Nanjing. The study was conducted in 107 478 subjects who received physical examination from 2012 to 2016. The prevalence of HUA in different genders and different years was compared. Subjects were divided into non-HUA and HUA groups according to serum uric acid. The differences in metabolic indicators and ages between two groups were analyzed. Uric acid levels among different occupations were evaluated. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratios () of HUA. The total HUA prevalence was 14.9%, in which the prevalence of HUA in men was significantly higher than that in women [20.5%(15217/74339)vs 2.5%(818/33139), <0.01]. The prevalence of HUA in men sustained at a high level, while that in women trended to decrease during the five years. The prevalence of HUA increased with age in women (1.0%, 0.7%, 0.9%, 2.7%, 3.8% and 9.6% in subjects within 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69 and ≥70 age groups, respectively, for trend<0.01). The percentages of hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes, and body mass index (BMI) in both men and women were significantly higher in HUA group than those in non-HUA group (≤0.01). Among all occupations, subjects in health care had the lowest levels of uric acid (298±91 μmol/L) and prevalence of HUA (10.4%), while, those in public security had the highest levels of uric acid [(342±82) μmol/L] and prevalence (16.5%). Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that males, high triacylglycerol, high cholesterol, obesity and certain occupation were significantly associated with HUA. The prevalence of HUA in men is significantly higher than that in women. It increased with ages in women. Subjects in health occupations had the lowest levels of uric acid and HUA prevalence, while, those in public security had the highest levels among the six occupations. Obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, occupations and males are positively associated with HUA.

为调查南京地区健康体检成年人中尿酸在不同职业、年龄和性别组中的分布情况，以及高尿酸血症（HUA）患病率的变化及其影响因素。本研究纳入了2012年至2016年期间接受体检的107478名受试者。比较了不同性别和不同年份的HUA患病率。根据血清尿酸水平将受试者分为非HUA组和HUA组。分析两组间代谢指标和年龄的差异。评估不同职业的尿酸水平。采用多因素logistic回归分析估计HUA的比值比（OR）。HUA总患病率为14.9%，其中男性HUA患病率显著高于女性[20.5%（15217/74339）对2.5%（818/33139），P<0.01]。男性HUA患病率维持在较高水平，而女性在这五年中呈下降趋势。女性HUA患病率随年龄增加而升高（20 - 29岁、30 - 39岁、40 - 49岁、50 - 59岁、60 - 69岁和≥70岁年龄组的患病率分别为1.0%、0.7%、0.9%、2.7%、3.8%和9.6%，趋势检验P<0.01）。HUA组男性和女性的高血压、高脂血症和糖尿病患病率以及体重指数（BMI）均显著高于非HUA组（P≤0.01）。在所有职业中，医护人员的尿酸水平最低（298±91μmol/L），HUA患病率最低（10.4%），而公安人员的尿酸水平最高[（342±82）μmol/L]，患病率最高（16.5%）。多因素logistic回归分析显示，男性、高三酰甘油、高胆固醇、肥胖和某些职业与HUA显著相关。男性HUA患病率显著高于女性。女性患病率随年龄增加。医护职业人群的尿酸水平和HUA患病率最低，而公安人员在这六种职业中尿酸水平和患病率最高。肥胖、高脂血症、高血压、职业和男性与HUA呈正相关。