Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Curr Mol Med. 2021;21(10):832-849. doi: 10.2174/1566524020999210101234317.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease and a threatening problem for world health. Allopathic medications are not efficient enough in controlling DM and its complications. Therefore, much attention has been directed towards the traditional medicine system. Plant derived-natural compounds with medicinal properties play an essential role in DM management and treatment. Artemisia is a varied and widespread genus of the family Asteraceae, which has more than 500 species with beneficial economic and therapeutic significance. Electronic databases such as Science Direct, Scopus, Pubmed, Web of Science, medRixv, and Wiley were used to search scientific literature. In folklore medicine, Artemisia species have been widely utilized for diabetes management. Molecular investigations have revealed that the NF-κB suppression, Notch 1 inhibition, cell cycle stop at S+G2/M-phase, enhanced Bax protein concentrations, mitochondrial membrane potential attenuation, activation of p53 and caspase, Bcl-2 regulation, and ROS formation are crucial mechanisms that could be targeted via various Artemisia species. Anti-diabetic effects of single or multiple doses of alcoholic and aqueous extracts of Artemisia species are due to the presence of bioactive compounds, and they are completely efficient in lowering levels of blood glucose in experimental examinations. In spite of the available anti-diabetic drugs, therapeutic agents obtained from the mentioned plants have been used for the treatment of this disease and its complications with less adverse impacts. Taken together, multiple lines of evidence indicated that Artemisia species could be introduced as a potential therapeutic candidate in the treatment and management of diabetes.
糖尿病（DM）是一种慢性疾病，对世界健康构成威胁。对抗疗法药物在控制糖尿病及其并发症方面效果不够理想。因此，人们对传统医学体系给予了极大的关注。具有药用特性的植物源性天然化合物在糖尿病的管理和治疗中发挥着重要作用。蒿属是菊科的一个多样化和广泛分布的属，有超过 500 种具有有益的经济和治疗意义的物种。科学直接、Scopus、PubMed、Web of Science、medRixv 和 Wiley 等电子数据库被用于搜索科学文献。在民间医学中，蒿属植物被广泛用于糖尿病的管理。分子研究表明，NF-κB 抑制、Notch 1 抑制、细胞周期在 S+G2/M 期停止、Bax 蛋白浓度增加、线粒体膜电位衰减、p53 和半胱天冬酶激活、Bcl-2 调节和 ROS 形成是可以通过多种蒿属植物靶向的关键机制。单一或多种剂量的蒿属植物的醇提物和水提物的抗糖尿病作用是由于存在生物活性化合物，它们在实验中完全有效地降低血糖水平。尽管有可用的抗糖尿病药物，但这些植物中提取的治疗剂已被用于治疗这种疾病及其并发症，不良反应较少。综上所述，多项证据表明，蒿属植物可以作为治疗糖尿病及其并发症的潜在治疗候选物。
