Doi-Kanno Mana, Kanoya Yuka, Moriguchi Emilio Hideyuki
Nursing Course, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Paulo Gama, 110 - Bairro Farroupilha, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
BMC Public Health. 2021 Jan 4;21(1):10. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-10129-1.
This study assessed the effects of a Japanese leaflet-based health guide for older Japanese-Brazilian adults living in Brazil, on health literacy, self-efficacy, and satisfaction with the health guide and participants' subjective health status.
The study followed a one-group pretest-posttest design and was set in the Japanese-Brazilian community in South Brazil. The 21 participants were Japanese-Brazilian individuals aged over 65 years, living in Brazil, and able to converse in Japanese. During the annual health checkup of 2016, we provided about 20 min of health guidance in Japanese using our leaflet, which included information about lifestyle-related diseases, recommended salt and sugar intake levels, and graphical charts. Participants' health literacy (HL) was the primary outcome; self-efficacy and satisfaction with the leaflet-based health guide and participants' subjective health status were secondary outcomes. We assessed the effect after completion of the health checkups in 2016 and 2017. Data were analyzed using repeated measures of ANOVA and the Bonferroni multiple comparison test as required.
There were no statistical significant differences in HL (functional HL: p-value = 0.22; communicative HL: p-value = 0.17; critical HL: p-value = 0.40; total HL score: p-value = 0.12) and self-efficacy (p-value = 0.28) across the three assessment points. We detected a statistical significant difference in satisfaction with the health guide, post-intervention in 2016 and 2017 (baseline score: 86.7±20.4; post-intervention score in 2016: 92.5±12.2; post-intervention score in 2017: 76.2±21.9; p-value of repeated ANOVA < 0.01, η = 0.28; p-value of the multiple comparison in 2016 and 2017 = 0.01, 95% CI 4.09-28.51). However, the Bonferroni multiple comparison test did not show pairwise difference during multiple comparisons of participants' satisfaction with their subjective health status (scores: baseline, 69.6±24.2; post-intervention in 2016, 78.5±21.1; post-intervention in 2017, 58.0±31.1; p-value of repeated ANOVA = 0.02, η = 0.21; p-values of the multiple comparisons> 0.05). Scores of all outcomes, except self-efficacy, increased from baseline to post-intervention in 2016, but declined at post-intervention in 2017.
The leaflet-based intervention appeared to have short-term effects. The findings suggest that direct intervention in older adults' native language may improve their satisfaction when living in non-native countries.
The UMIN-CTR unique registration ID is UMIN000032443 . Retrospectively registered on May 1, 2018, at: https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000036999 .
本研究评估了一份面向居住在巴西的日裔巴西老年人的日语传单式健康指南，对健康素养、自我效能感、对健康指南的满意度以及参与者主观健康状况的影响。
本研究采用单组前后测设计，在巴西南部的日裔巴西人社区开展。21名参与者为居住在巴西、年龄在65岁以上且能用日语交流的日裔巴西人。在2016年的年度健康检查期间，我们使用传单以日语提供了约20分钟的健康指导，内容包括与生活方式相关疾病的信息、推荐的盐和糖摄入量水平以及图表。参与者的健康素养（HL）是主要结果；自我效能感、对基于传单的健康指南的满意度以及参与者的主观健康状况是次要结果。我们在2016年和2017年健康检查完成后评估了效果。根据需要使用重复测量方差分析和邦费罗尼多重比较检验对数据进行分析。
在三个评估点上，健康素养（功能性健康素养：p值 = 0.22；沟通性健康素养：p值 = 0.17；批判性健康素养：p值 = 0.40；总健康素养得分：p值 = 0.12）和自我效能感（p值 = 0.28）没有统计学上的显著差异。我们在2016年和2017年干预后发现对健康指南的满意度存在统计学上的显著差异（基线得分：86.7±20.4；2016年干预后得分：92.5±12.2；2017年干预后得分：76.2±21.9；重复方差分析的p值 < 0.01，η = 0.28；2016年和2017年多重比较的p值 = 0.01，95%置信区间4.09 - 28.51）。然而，邦费罗尼多重比较检验在参与者对其主观健康状况的满意度的多重比较中未显示出两两差异（得分：基线，69.6±24.2；2016年干预后，78.5±21.1；2017年干预后，58.0±31.1；重复方差分析的p值 = 0.02，η = 0.21；多重比较的p值> 0.05）。除自我效能感外，所有结果的得分从基线到2016年干预后均有所增加，但在2017年干预后下降。
基于传单的干预似乎有短期效果。研究结果表明，以老年人的母语进行直接干预可能会提高他们在非本国生活时的满意度。
UMIN - CTR唯一注册ID为UMIN000032443。于2018年5月1日追溯注册，网址为：https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000036999 。
